Unit 4
Body language

Learning about language
高一人教新课标版必修四
defence, likely, Italy, canteen, represent, dash, approach, association, cheek, flight
Answer key for Ex.1
Discovering useful words and expressions
approached, Jordan, cheek, curiously, dashed,
misunderstood, contrary
Answer key for Ex.2
crossroads, adult, major, dormitory, greeted, representing, association, spoken, Colombia, curious, flight
Answer key for Ex.3
Answer key for Ex.1 (P.29)
Discovering useful structures:
Using structures (P.64)
2 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms
of the verbs in the box and then put
the sentences into Chinese.

be bore count drive encourage
enter get speak wear whisper
1. It seemed that he avoided ________
too close to her.
2. The news that the Chinese team won the
gold medal was very ___________ .
3. It is clear that your _______ English will
greatly improve if you can practice ________
whenever you can.
getting
encouraging
spoken
speaking
4. I saw them ____________ to each other,
obviously they do not want to be heard
by others.
5. I watched the people ________ the theatre,
___________ a total of 547.
6. The man with sun-glasses _______ the
sunglasses is a detective.
7. _______ ill, he did not take part in the
sports meeting.
whispering
entering
wearing
Being
counting
8. _________ his car around is his main
hobby.
9. I almost fell asleep when I saw that
_________ film.
Driving
boring
The –ing form as the Attributive and Adverbial
Grammar
V-ing 形式
V-ing 形式由 “do＋ing” 构成, 其
否定形式是 “not doing”, V-ing 可以
带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语, 没有
人称和数的变化, 但有时态和语态
的变化。
现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在
所修饰的名词前,说明其修饰名词的性质或
特征,表示供作…之用”和“…的”。
现在分词作定语
a walking stick
(a stick used for walking)
drinking water
(water for drinking)
a waiting room
(a room for waiting)
working people
the rising sun
动词 -ing 形式是短语, 应放在所修饰的名词后,
相当于一个定语从句。
They are visitors coming from several countries.
who come from several countries.
Three days later I received a letter offering me
the job.
which offered me the job.
The girl standing there is my classmate.
who stands there
Exercise:
1. ____ dogs seldom bite.
Bark B. To bark C. Barked D. Barking
2. The wolf spoke in a _____ voice and Mr.
Dongguo felt______.
frightening; frightened
B. frightened; frightened
C. frighten; frightening
D. frightening; frightening
D
A
3. It’s pleasure to watch the face of a ____ baby.
A. asleep B. sleep C. sleeping D. slept
4. The ____ buildings showed us that an
earthquake was coming.
A. shaking B. shook C. shaken D. shake
5.The hotel ______ now beside the park
was designed by a group of young men.
A. to be built B. being built
C. built D. building
C
A
B
6. When the first settlers arrived in the New
World, the Indians _______ jewellery made
of animal bones greeted them warmly.
A. wearing B. to wear
C. worn D. having worn
7. Do you know the boy _______there talking
to your sister?
A. to be standing B. stood
C. being standing D. standing
A
D
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语时, 分词的逻辑主语必须是
句子的主语, 分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑
上的主谓关系, 否则不能用现在分词作状语。
但要注意它的各种形式变化:
主动形式 被动形式
V-ing being V-ed
having V-ed having been V-ed

一般式
完成式
e. g. Hearing the bell, the students began to
enter the classroom.
听见铃声, 学生们开始走进教室。
(听见和进入两个动作同时发生)
The building being built now is our new
library. 现在正在建造的这栋楼房室我们
的新图书馆。(being built为现在分词的被动
形式, 表示动作正在进行之中)
Having done the work, he went home.
完成了工作, 他就回家了。
现在分词在句中作状语, 修饰谓语动词或
整个句子, 表示动作发生的原因、时间、
方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在
分词一般不用作表目的地状语(通常用
不定式表目的地状语)。
Walking in the street, I came across an old
friend of mine.
(=When I was walking in the street, I came
across an old friend of mine.)
While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of
China Daily.
(=While waiting for the bus,he read a copy of
China Daily.)
1)表时间状语
2) 表原因状语
Being ill, he didn’t go to school.
(=as he was ill, he didn’t go to school.)
Being a student, you should study hard.
(=Since you are a student, you should study hard.)
既然你是一个学生, 你就应该努力学习。
由于想到它或许在家, 所以我就给他打了电话。
Thinking he might be at home, I called him.
(As I thought he might be at home, I called him.)
3)表方式、伴随情况的状语: 作伴随状语的
分词表示的动作, 必须是主语的一个动作,
或是与谓语所表示地动作(或状态)同时发生,
或是对谓语表示的动词(或状态)作进一步
地补充说明。
e.g. He sat on the sofa, watching TV.
(=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.)
他们笑着谈着走进了教室。
_____________________ , they went into
the classroom.
他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。
He stood leaning against the wall.
(＝He stood and leaned against the wall.)
Laughing and talking
4) 表结果
e.g. Her mother died in 1990, leaving her
with her younger brother.
(=Her mother died in 1990, and left her
with her younger brother.)
全国到处在传唱这首歌曲, 使它成了一首
最受欢迎的歌曲。
The song is sung all over the country,
________________________________.
making it the most popular song
5) 表条件
Using your head, you will find a way.
(=If you use your head, you will find a way.)
一直往前走, 你就会看到一座白色地房子。
______________, you will see a white house.
Walking ahead
6) 与逻辑主语构成独立主格:
　I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard．
　我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。
　All the tickets having been sold out, they
went away disappointedly.
　所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。
　Time permitting, we'll do another two
exercises.
如果时间允许, 我们将做另两个练习。
有时也可用with (without) +名词(代词宾格)
+分词形式。
With the lights burning, he fell asleep.
他点着灯睡着了。
7)作独立成分:
Judging from(by) his appearance, he must
be an actor. 从外表看, 他一定是个演员。
Exercise:
1. They set out ____ for the ____ boy.
A. searching; losing B. searching; lost
C. to search; lost D. searched; losing
2. The student sat there, ____ what to do.
A. doesn’t knowing B. didn’t knowing
C. not know D. not knowing
B
D
现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面
加not (never)
3. He sat there _____ , with his head on his hand.
A. and think B. thinking
C. thought D. being thought
4. The ____ Prime Minister expressed his
satisfaction with his talks, ___ that he had
enjoyed his stay here.
A. visiting; add B. visited; adding
C. visiting; adding D. visited; added
B
C
5. In winter steam can be seen ______from wet
clothes ______near a fire.
A. rising, hanging B. rising, to hang
C. rise, hanging D. to rise, to hang
6. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise
________.
A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on
7. Yesterday Professor Li received a letter
from one of his friends, ________ him to
write an article, and he accepted.
A. having invited B. invited
C. to be invited D. inviting
A
A
D
8. Finding her car stolen, _________.
A. a policeman was asked to help
B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it was looked for everywhere
D. she hurried to a policeman for help
9. ________, the boy couldn’t enter his house.
A. Since the key has lost B. The key been lost
C. Lost the key D. Having lost the key
D
D
10. The secretary worked late into the night,
_____ a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare B. preparing
C. prepared D. was preparing
11. European foot ball is played in 80
countries, _____ it the most popular sport
in the world.
A. making B. makes
C. made D. to make
B
A
12. “Can’t you read?” Mary said
____ to the notice.
A. angrily pointing
B. and point angrily
C. angrily point
D. and angrily pointing
A
13. ____ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving
B. Receiving not
C. Not having received
D. Having not received
C
14. ____ his telephone number, she had
some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.
A. Not knowing
B. knowing not
C. Not having known
D. Having not known
A
B
现在分词表结果状语
A
现在分词作伴随状语
高考链接
1. The secretary worked late into the night,
_____a long speech for the president.
(NMET91)
A.To prepare B. preparing
C. prepared D. was preparing
2. European foot ball is played in 80 countries,
______ it the most popular sport in the world.
(NMET 98)
A. Making B. makes C. made D. to make
3. “Can’t you read?” Mary said _______ to
the notice. (NMET93)
A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily
C. angrily point D. and angrily pointing
A
现在分词作伴随状语
4. ____ a reply, he decided to write again.(NMET92)
Not receiving B. Receiving not
C. Not having received D. Having not received
5. ______ his telephone number, she had some
difficulty getting in touch with Bill. (1991上海)
Not knowing B. knowing not
C. Not having known D. Having not known
C
A
现在分词作原因状语, 分词结构中否定词
通常放在现在分词前面。
作原因状语
6. While watching television, ________.
(NMET2005)
A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring
D. we heard the doorbell rings
7. _______ the programme, they have to stay
there for another two weeks. (2004广东)
A. Not completing B. Not completed
C. Not having completed
D. Having not completed
D
C
8. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted,
____ away. (NEMT 2005)
A. run B. running C. to run D. ran
9. “We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob,
_______out of the window. (NMET2004)
A. looking B. to look
C. looked D. having been looked
10. The storm left, ____ a lot of damage to
this area. (NEMT2005)
A. caused B. to have caused
C. to cause D. having caused
B
A
D
Homework
Finish exercise 2 on P29 and
exercise 1-3 on P64 in the
workbook.