人教课标
高一 必修 2
Unit 3
The Present Perfect Passive Voice
现在完成时的被动语态
Grammar
1) 现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词)
现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在的情况。现在完成时不能与表示确定的过去时间的状语连用, 如: yesterday, two weeks ago, in 1978, when I got there等, 现在完成时常与
1. 两种时态
already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明确的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since, for的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days等。
不能用在现在完成进行时态的动词，如：be, have, like, love, know, believe, hate等。
一般过去时则是表示过去某时发生的动作或情况, 与现在毫无关系。
2) 现在完成进行时 (have/has + been + 现
在分词)
一般现在时的被动语态 (am/is/are + 过
去分词）
e.g. The work is done during two days.
2) 一般过去时的被动语态 (was/were + 过去分词）
e.g. He was sent to the hospital
immediately after the accident.
2. 七种被动语态形式
3) 一般将来时的被动语态 (will/shall + be +
过去分词 或+be going to + be + 过去分词)
e.g. The work will be finished soon.
4) 现在进行时的被动语态 (is/am/are +
being + 过去分词)
e.g. The bridge is now being constructed.
5) 现在完成时的被动语态 (have/has +been
+ 过去分词）
e.g. The radio has been repaired when
we phoned the shop.
6) 带情态动词的被动语态 (情态动词 + be +
过去分词)
e.g. This can be done in a few minutes.
7) 动词不定式的被动式 (to be + 过去分词)
e.g. It is an honor for me to be asked　
to speak here.
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响, 其构成是: have/has been + done。
e.g. 1. The dirty clothes have been washed.
脏衣服都已经洗了。
2. The plan has been studied by the
experts for three times.
这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。
3. The child has been taken care of by
Grandma Wang all these years.
这些年来, 这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。
现在完成时被动态：
have / has + been + 动词过去分词
现在完成进行时：
have / has + been + 动词现在分词
它们的构成的区别在最后的动词上, 被动态接的是过去分词形式, 现在完成进行时接的是现在分词形式。
1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。
e.g. The Temple of Zhang Fei has
been rebuilt.
张飞庙已经过重建。
2. 说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。
e.g. The door has been locked.
门已经被锁上了。
3. 动作或状态始于过去, 持续到现在, 并可
能持续下去。
e.g. He has been told about it for many
times. 有人告诉他这事很多次了。
（可能还会有人告诉他）
（我或别人现在进不去）
4. 用在时间和条件状语从句中, 表示将来
某时已完成的动作。
e.g. We’ll start as soon as the work has
been finished.
工作一完成我们就立即动身。
1. 副词的位置
often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。
如: [误] Such a man has been hardly
believed.
[正] Such a man has hardly been
believed.
2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态
1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：
[误] Great changes have been taken
place in China since 1978.
[正] Great changes have taken place in
China since 1978.
2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。如：
[误] The door has been opened of itself.
[正] The door has opened of itself.
3. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词
或副词。如：
The SARS patients have been taken
good care of.
4. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin,
buy, start, return, marry, open, join等
构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与
表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达
相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。
如：
My brother has had (不能用has bought)
this bike for almost four years.
How long has this book been bought?
How long ago was this book bought?
Underline the use of the present perfect voice in the following poem. Then fill in the chart below.
Look at the way your face has been washed
Look at the way your hair has been combed
Look at the way your shoes have been cleaned
You’d better do them again.
Look at the way the flowers have been planted
Look at the way the grass has been cut
Look at the way the paths have been swept
I hope that you’ll come here again.
the way the flowers have been planted
the way the grass has been cut
the way the paths have been swept
the way your face has been washed
the way your hair has been combed
the way your shoes have been cleaned
Read this poem aloud, paying attention to the rhythm and intonation. Then write your own poem.
Look at the way ______________________
Look at the way ______________________
Look at the way ______________________
_________________________
the table has been laid
the glasses have been placed
the food has been cooked
You’d better do them again.
possible poem:
Look at the way ________________________
Look at the way ________________________
Look at the way ________________________
_________________________________
your bed has been made
your carpet has been swept
your shoes have been tidied
I hope that you’ll come here again.
1. In the last few years thousands of films _____ all over the world.
A. have produced
B. have been produced
C. are producing
D. are being produced
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2. Experiments of this kind _____ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
have conducted
B. have been conducted
C. had conducted
D. had been conducted
3. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they _____ before leaving their hometowns.
promised
B. were promised
C. have promised
D. have been promised
4. His sister left home in 1998, and _____ since.
A. had not been heard of
B. has not been heard of
C. had not heard of
D. has not heard of
5. I like these English songs and they _____ many times on the radio.

A. taught B. have taught
C. are taught D. have been taught
6. Though we don’t know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic _____.
A. had changed B. will change
C. was changed D. has been changed
7. I got caught in the rain and my suit _________.
has ruined
B. had ruined
C. has been ruined
D. had been ruined
用被动语态改写下列句子。
They have finished the construction of the new railway lines by now.
The construction of the new railway lines has been finished by them by now.
2. We have built a new library and a gymnasium in our school this year.
A new library and a gymnasium have been built in our school this year by us.
3. The car factory has produced a great
many fine cars since the
technological revolution.
A great many fine cars have been produced by the car factory since the technological revolution.
4. They have made a plan to help the poor
children in the poor area.
A plan has been made by them to help the poor children in the poor area.
5. The government has spent a lot of
money on the Hope Project.
A lot of money has been spent on the Hope Project by the government.