Book 3 Unit 2 Healthy Eating
Language points
Everybody has to eat, but do you eat a healthy diet?

diet 指的是习惯的食物或规定的食物，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物。
food 是一般的用语，凡能吃能喝的具有营养的东西都称为food.

Milk is the natural ________ for young babies.
food
3) As I’m too fat, the doctor has ordered me a special _______.

4) Proper_______ and exercise are both important for health.
diet
diet
2) The government provided plenty of _______ and drink to the people who suffered from the flood.
food
5) a balanced diet ____________

_____________ 低脂肪食品

to go / be on a diet _______
均衡饮食
a low-fat diet
节食
2.What will happen if you do not eat a balanced diet?

balance: an instrument for weighing things (可数)
a state where all parts have their proper
weight （不可数）

_______________________用天平称东西

______________________保持/失去平衡
weigh sth. in the balance
keep / lose one’s balance
2. balanced diet
balanced 在此用作形容词，意为“平衡的”,“均衡的”
① You ought to have a balanced state of mind.
你应该保持心态平衡。
② v. 使均衡，收支平衡
Try to balance your diet by eating more fruit.
多吃一些水果, 使饮食均衡。

③ n. 平衡，天平
请争取把工作和娱乐更好地结合起来。
Please gain a better balance between work and play.
3. Wang Pengwei sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.王鹏伟坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里,感到十分沮丧。
这里的feeling 是动词的-ing 形式做伴随状语。类似的例句还有：
He sent me an e-mail hoping to get further information．
现在分词在句中做状语
1) 表时间
Walking along the street, she saw a little girl running up to her.
=When she was walking along the street,
2) 表原因
Being ill, he couldn’t come to school yesterday.
=Because he was ill,
3）表方式
She works like a slave, washing clothes and cooking dinner.
4）表伴随
He sat there, holding up his hand.
4. frustrated 是形容词，意为“ 失望的，失意的”
他感到既失意又恼火。
He feels frustrated and angry.
frustrate v. 使挫败, 使不成功
The bad weather frustrates our hopes of having a picnic.
坏天气使我们野餐的愿望无法实现。
always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly和never是英语中最常见的频度副词,它们在句中的位置大致相同：通常放在行为动词之前,系动词be、助动词和情态动词之后。但它们所表示的含义及频度是各不相同的。
5. Usually he got up early and prepared his menu of mutton kebabs, roast pork and fried rice.
always的频度为100%,表示动作重复、状态继续，中间没有间断, 意思是“总是”、“永远地”。
例如: The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.
太阳总是东升西落。
Customers are always right.
顾客永远是对的。
▲ always与进行时态连用,并不强调动作正在进行,而是表示说话人的“赞扬”、“不满”、“厌烦”等情绪,有强烈的感情色彩。
例如: She is always thinking of how she can do more for people.
她总是在考虑怎样为人们多做些事。(表示赞扬)
He was always asking for money.
他总是要钱。(表示厌烦)
She is always asking for leave.
她总是请假。(表示不满)
▲ always与not连用,表示部分否定, 意思是“不总是”。
例如: The rich are not always happy.
有钱人未必总是幸福的。
▲ very often语气比often重,常位于句首或句末。
例如: He doesn’t go to London very often.
他不常去伦敦。
2. Usually he got up early and prepare his…
prepare: vt. /vi.
1).prepare sth. 准备，把….准备好
e.g First prepare the rice by washing it,
then cook it in boiling water.
2).prepare for sth 为…准备
e.g Will you help me prepare for the party?
3).prepare sb. for sth 为某人准备准备某事
e.g a course that prepare students for English exams 为学生参加英语考试而设的课程
4）prepare sth.for sb. 为某人准备某事
e.g Jone is preparing a meal for us.
5) prepare to do sth.准备做某事
e.g They are busy preparing to go on holiday.
6) Prepare sb.to do sth.
e.g He prepared himself to accept defeat.
preparation （U) n.准备；make preparation for
(C) n 安排，筹备 preparations for the queen’s visit
e g. 1. Will you help me ___ the party?
A. Prepare B. prepare for C, preparing for D. prepared for
2. He is ____ them to go on a holiday.
A. prepared B. prepared for C. preparing D. preparing for
3. He ____ himself for defeat.
A. prepared B. prepared for C. make preparation D. prepare to
4. What’s that terrible noise?
The neighbors ___ for a party.
A. have prepared B. are preparing C. have prepared D. will prepare
6.ought to 应该
ought to do sth
= should do sth
ought not to do sth
= should not do sth
你不应该喝那么多酒。
You ought not to drink so much.
我现在应该离开吗？
Ought I to leave now?
ought to + have done
=should have done
表示本应该做的事却没有做。
You ought to have told me earlier. 你应该早点告诉我。
7. “Nothing could have been better,” he thought.
=All his foods could have been the best.
他想,“再没有比这些更好吃的了”。
此句子用比较级形式表示最高级的意义。
Nobody loved money better than he.
I think nothing is more pleasant than
traveling.
He is taller than any other boy in his class
= He is the tallest boy in his class. 他是班上最高的男生。
(2) A: How are you getting on?
你怎么样？
B: Nothing could be better.
= Everything is OK.
再好不过了。
must have done

e.g: The floor is wet , it must have rained last night.

be amazed at sb/ sth
3.Pengwei followed Li Maochang into a newly -opened small restaurant at the end of the street.
合成词最常见的构成方法有：
adj. + n. + ed
热心肠的 ____________ 中年的 ___________

2) num.+ n. + ed
four–strayed _________ __________ 三条腿的
warm-hearted
middle-aged
四层的
three-legged
3) adj. + v.-ing
____________ 好看的 _________ easy-going

4) adv.+ v.-ing
___________ 勤劳的 far-reaching
________

5) adj. + v.-ed
_________新生的 _________现成的
good-looking
好说话的
hard–working
深远的
newborn
ready-made
6) n + adj
duty-free _________ carefree __________
7) n. + v.-ing
_____________ 热爱和平

energy –giving ___________

body-building ___________
免税的
无忧虑的
peace–loving
增加能量的
健身的
8) n. + v.-ed
____________ 国营的

____________ 人造的

self-employed ____________
state–owned
man–made
自主创业的
9) adv. + v.-ed

____________ 著名的

____________ 广泛流传的

well-dressed __________
well–known
widespread
穿戴好的
1.Wang Pengwei sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.

1) Nora stood at the bus stop, __________________

娜拉站在公共汽车站旁看报纸。

___________________________, you can have a better view of the city.
站在山顶上，你能更好地看到这个城市。
reading a newspaper.
Standing on the top of the hill
Olive came______________________

奥丽夫跑步来到大楼前。

4）“We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, ____out of the window.
A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked
running to the building.
It cost more than a good meal in his own restaurant.
cost 表花_____，作主语的是______

spend 既可指花_____，又可指花_______。在主动语态作主语的应当是_____, 宾语可以是money, energy, time
常用句型为：
1）sb. + spend + 宾语 + on (for) + sth.

2）sb. + spend + 宾语 + in doing sth.
“钱”
“物”
“时间”
“钱”
“人”
take 一般表花______，常用于句型:

___________________________

pay 一般表_______，在主动语态中做主语的应当是______，其宾语有三种形式：

① sb. ② some money

③ sb. some money for sth.
“付钱”
“人”
“时间”
It takes sb. some time to do sth.
1) Some passengers complain that it usually ______ so long to fill in travel insurance documents.

A. costs B. takes C. spends D. pays

2) 我骑单车到学校要花20分钟。
__________________________________________________________________

______________________________________

I spend 20 minutes in going to school by bike.
It takes me 20 minutes to go to school by bike.
3)_____________________________________

每年她在书上的花费大约一千美元。

4）她付给他20元买了一件衬衫。
___________________________________

5) 老板已付给我1000元了。 ______________________________
Every year she spends about $1000 on books.
She paid him 10 yuan for the shirt.
The boss has paid me 1000 Yuan.
5. He couldn’t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!

have sb doing: allow or tolerate (sth.)
_______________________________

我不容许你这样说。
_______________________________

他不容许女儿晚回家。
I won’t have you saying so.
He won’t have his daughter arriving home late.
b) get away with doing sth.:

① not be punished for sth.
I won’t __________________________________

我不能容忍你们考试作弊而不受惩罚。
② steal sth. and escape with it.

The robbers_______________________
这些盗贼抢了银行，携巨款潜逃。
have you getting away with
cheating in the exam.
.
robbed the bank and got away with a lot of money.
③ receive a relatively light.

He was so lucky_____________________ _______________________
他犯了如此严重的错误，饶幸只交了罚款了事。
to get away with a fine for
such a serious mistake.
9. be tired of + n. 厌倦…
我厌倦了日以继夜地工作。
I am tired of working day and night.
我已经听腻你的谎言了。
I am tired of ( listening to ) your lies.
The framer was tired out after doing the heavy work.
做完苦工后，那个农民筋疲力尽了。
10. curiosity n. 好奇心
好奇心引导他进入那古老的城堡。
Curiosity leads him to the ancient castle.
curious adj. 好奇的，稀奇的
curiously adv.
Children are curious about the outside world.
孩子们对外面的世界充满好奇。
The little girl curiously opened the box.
那个小女孩好奇地打开那个盒子。
11. He wondered if he should go to the library to find out.
whether and if 的区别：
1) 用于动词之后, 引导宾语从句时可以互换。
eg. I don't know whether / if he'll come to school.
2) if 不可以和 or not 直接连用而 whether可以。
eg. I don't know whether or not he'll come to school.
I don't know if he'll come to school or not.
3) whether to do
eg. I don't know whether to answer it.
4) whether 可引导同位语、表语从句。
eg. I count to know the answer whether he'll come to school. (同位语从句)
What I want to know is whether he'll come to school. (表语从句)
5) whether 可以放在句首引导主语从句而if 不可以。
eg. It is not clear to me whether / if he'll come to school.
Whether he'll come to school is not clear to me. (whether 放句首引导主语从句)
12. He couldn’t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!
他可不能让咏慧哄骗人们！
a) have sb. doing
allow or tolerate (sth).
表示允许或容忍(某事物)发生
此处的have 用在否定句中, 特别是用在will not, can not 等之后。
我不容许你这样说。
I won’t have you saying so.
他不容许女儿晚回家。
He won’t have his daughter arriving
home late.
have sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
Eg: She had us working day after day.
I won’t have you waiting long.

have sb. do 使某人做某事 表示动作的完成或可能发生
have sth. to do