Unit 1
Women of achievement
Subject – verb agreement
主 谓 一 致 性
Try to fill in the blanks.
1. I ______ seventeen.
2. She _______sixteen.
3. There ______ a desk in the room. There ________ no chairs in it.
4. John ______ up at six o’clock every morning.
5. They ______not come yet.
am
is
is
are
gets
have
主谓一致
主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。
二、意义一致
三、就近原则
一、语法一致
一、语法一致
主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；
主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
例如：
I often help him and he often helps me.
我经常帮助他，他也经常帮助我。
We often help each other.
我们经常互相帮助。
不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；
可数名词的复数形式作主语，
谓语动词用复数。
语法一致
1.主语+with (together with/ alongwith),
as well as, like, not, but, except, including, rather than, other than, besides, in addition to … 结构中，谓语与前面主语一致
e.g. I, as well as they, _____ (be) ready to help you.
The students along with the teacher ____ (be) required the meeting.
Nobody but Jim and Tom ____ (be) on the playground at that time.
am
are
was
2. 不定代词each, another, the other, either, neither，some/any/no /every+ one/thing,做主语时，谓语一般用单数。
Neither of us_____ gone there, do they?
Nobody _____to go there, do they?
has
wants
3.more than one…; many a…修饰名词，复数含义，但是谓语用单数
e.g. Many a student ____ (be) in the classroom.
More than one mother ________ (receive) the flowers.
is
receives
4.every one, everybody, everything, anyone, anybody, anything, no one, nobody, nothing, some one, somebody, something (none,neither除外)等不定代词及each, the other作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Nothing in the box ———— mine.
Someone ______ to see you.
is
wants
5.none 和 neither 作主语时，谓语可用单数也可用复数，但如果修饰的是不可数名词只用单数
None of us perfect.(人无完人)
None of the information been received.
is/are
has
6.从句、不定式（短语），动名词（短语），从句作主语时，谓语用单数
e.g. To read English aloud every morning ____ (do) you a lot of good.
Serving the people ____ (be) my great happiness.
When and where we will have a picnic
_______ _ (be not) decided yet.
does
is
has not been
7.trousers, pants(裤子), shoes, glasses, gloves, stockings, scissors(剪刀)等词作主语时谓语用复数，但如果名词前有 a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用复数
e.g. My glasses ______broken.
The scissors ______ sharp.
The pair of shoes under the bed ______ mine.
语法一致 7
are
are
is
a (large/ small/ vast)quantity of
或Large quantities of 谓语由quantity的形式决定
A large quantity of oil put into the soup.
A large quantity of apples in the basket.

Large quantities of oil put into the soup.
Large quantities of apples in the basket.
语法一致 8
was
was
were
were
谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志
意义一致→
and
He and I are both students of this school.
我和他都是这个学校的学生。
Time and tide wait for no man.
岁月不饶人。
1). and连接两个或两个以上不同的人或
物作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例：
2). 如果连接两个或两个以上的并列结构是指同一个人或物，或指同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，这时and后面的名词前不加冠词。
A needle and thread ______found on the floor.
A poet and writer _____ going to give us a speech.
was
is
例如：
4)A).表整体概念的并列结构：
bread and butter knife and fork
iron and steel law and order
B).配套事物：
a watch and chain a needle and thread
The knife and fork ______on the desk.
刀叉放在桌子上。
is
e.g. Every man and (every) woman ____ (have) the same rights.
Every boy and every girl in the class ________diligent.
3)并列名词前有no…and (no)…; every…and (every)…; each and (each)修饰时做主语时，谓语一般用单数。
has
is
3. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none等
作主语时，当它指代不可数名词时看作单数，谓语动词用单数。指代复数时，谓语动词用单数。
All the apples are rotten.
所有的苹果都烂了。
All the apple is rotten.
整个苹果都烂了。
None of us are /is perfect. 人无完人。
None of the money is left.
一点钱也没剩下。
4. the rest of, half of, majority of, part of, a lot of, lots of, one of, a number of, a plenty of, percent of 以及分数词等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于后面名词的数，即就近原则。如：
A part of the students _________arrived.
部分学生已到了。
A part of the apple ______been eaten by the mouse.
这个苹果的一部分被老鼠吃了。
have
has
意义一致 5
表示时间，金钱，距离，重量等复数名词作主语时，被看作整体时谓语用单数
Sixty years a long time.
Ten dollars enough for him.
Three thousand miles a long distance.
Fifty kilograms not too long to be carried.
*如强调具体数目，则用复数。
One hundred cents make a dollar.
More than fifty years have passed since they got married.
is
is
is
is
physics, politics, mathematics等一些以“-ics”结尾的词，指学科时属单数，谓语动词用单数。
Physics not difficult to learn.
Mathematics a subject studied in nearly every school.
注：若指某学科能力，成绩，应用等或非学科含义时被看作复数，谓语常用复数。
My mathematics are week.
What are your politics? 政治信仰/见解
意义一致 6
is
is
单复数同形的名词deer, sheep, fish, series系列, species物种, means手段, works工厂, aircraft飞行器…做主语时，视其表达的意义而判断谓语动词的单复数。
e.g.A new means used .
Many means not come into effect.
意义一致 7
has been
have
集合名(family,class,team,group,crowd public,government,band, company, army,police,enemy,crowd,audiece,population...)
若强调整体，谓语动词用单数
若强调个体，谓语动词则用复数
e.g. The group (be) made up of nine students.
The group (be ) dancing happily.
意义一致 8
is
are
the number of（...的数量）, the variety of(种类)用单数谓语， a number of（许多，大量）, a variety of（各种各样的...)用复数谓语
1. The number of traffic accidents ____ (have) increased.
2. A number of children ____ (like) this song.
3. There ______ a variety of toys on sale in that shop.
4. The variety of goods on sale in that shop ______ surprising.
has
like
are
is
The new _____ sure to replace the old.
“the + 形容词/分词” +谓语复数,表示一类人eg. the dead, the living, the rich, the poor, the disabled, the sick
The sick __________cured and the lost _________ found.
但如果指事物或抽象概念时,谓语动词用单数.
意义一致 10
have been
have been
is
就近原则 1
就近原则 2
并列主语中谓语应与哪个保持一致 ？
1. You or he ___ to blame.
你或他有一人要受责备。
2. ___ you or he to blame?
受责备的是你还是他？
A．is，Is B．are，Are
C．is，Are D． are，Is
答案：C，就近一致
谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?
We Chinese ____ a hard-working people．
A．is B．are
C．is being D．are being
此题应选B。主谓一致（即谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。
The teacher with two students _____ at the meeting . (was / were)
2. A woman with a baby in her arms _____ waiting for the bus in the rain.
A．was B．were C．has D．have
3. E-mail, as well as the telephones, _____ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played
C. are playing D. play
was
A
A
Exercise and Rules
Exercise and Rules
3. Reading English papers and magazines ___helpful to our study of English. (is/ are)
4. Whether he comes or not ____ of no matter. (is /are)
5. To say ___ one thing; to do ___another. (is/are)
6. Listening, speaking, reading and writing ____four skills for English study. (is/are)
7. Where to find the plant and what to do with it _____still the problems to settle. (is/are)
is
is
is
is
are
are
Exercise and Rules
8.Many a boy ______ made such a funny experiment.
A. have B. are C. has D. is
9.Every means _______ been tried since then.
A. has B. were C. was D. has been
10.Each actor and (each) actress____ invited to our school. (is /are)
11.Every boy and (every) girl _____ got a toy train. (has/have)
12.No teacher and no student _____ to have classes on Sunday. (agree/agrees)
C
A
is
has
agrees
Exercise and Rules
15. 70 percent of the surface ___covered with water.（is/are)
16. 70 percent of the farmers ____ improved their living conditions. (have/has)
17. The rest of his journey _____ pleasant.(was/were)
18. The rest of the girls ____ fond of music.( is /are)
19. All of your work ___well done.(is/are)
20. All of your answers _____ correct.(is/are)
is
have
was
are
is
are
Exercise and Rules
23. Either the girl or the boy ___ from Canada. (is /are)
24. Not only the door but also the windows ___ open. (is /are)
25. Neither you nor I _____ the answer. (knows/know)
26. Not you but I ____ wrong. (am/ are/ is)
You or he ____ to take part in the competition. (is/are)
is
are
know
am
is
Multiple choice:
1. On the wall______ two large portraits.
A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging
2. “News of victories _____ pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said.
A. keep B. kept C. keeps D. have kept
3. There _____ a lot of milk in the bottle.
A. are B. is C. were D. has
4. Zhang’s family ____ rather big, with
twelve people in all.
A. is B. are
C. being D. was
5. Nobody but Jane ____ the secret.
A. know B. knows
C. have known D. is known
6. All but one _____ here just now.
A. is B. was C. has been D. were
7. When and where to build the new factory _____ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
8. A library with five thousand books____ to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered
C. are offered D. have offered
1. The country life he was used to ______ greatly since 1992.
（2005年 山东卷）
A. change
B. has changed
C. changing
D. have changed
高考链接
2. Nowadays, a large number of
women, especially those from the countryside, _________ in the clothing industry.（2005年 辽宁卷）
A．is working
B．works
C．work
D．worked
3. A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.（2006年 江苏卷）  A. is 
B. are 
C. was 
D. were
4. A survey of the opinions of experts ______that three hours of outdoor exercise a week ____ good for
one’s health. (2007年 江西卷)
A. show; are
B. shows; is
C. show; is
D. shows; are
Thank You