Grammar
Unit 1
Subject---Verb Agreement
(主谓一致)
语法一致
就近原则
意义一致
就远原则
意义一致
即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，
因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式
上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语
动词用单数形式。
1.由集体名词,如group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crew等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员，则用复数形式.
　
His family is very large.　
他家是一个大家庭。
His family are music lovers.
他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
意义一致：
The group ____ made up of nine students.
The group____ dancing happily.
is
are
The team ____ some good players. (have)
The team ____ handsome. (be)
has
are
Choose the correct verb form to complete the following sentences.
1.The research group (is, are) made up of five people.
2.What (do, does) the group want for their lunch?
3.Our family (is, are) not poor any more.
4.He has to worry. His family (is, are) waiting for him.
5.The class (is, are) more than forty in number.
is
do
is
are
is
6.The class (have, has) disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic.
7.The government (has, have) spent more than two million yuan in planting trees.
8.The city government ( has, have) different opinions about next year’s plan.
have
has
have
注意：但集体名词为 people, police, cattle等在多数情况下谓语动词都用复数形式。
9.The police________ (is, are) searching for
the thief.
are
2.表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时, 谓语动词则用单数形式;
Two years ______ passed since I left Ningbo;
One million dollars ______ a great sum of money.
Every means ______ been tried since then.
has B. have C. are D. is
2. No news ____ good news. (is / are)
3. Maths / physics _____ the subject that I like most. (is / are)
3.以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics, the United States ,works等作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式;
has
is
is
is
has
e.g. Tom is one of the students who_____ good at playing football.
Tom is the only one of the students who____ good at playing football.
are
is
[注意]在“one of+复数名词+关系代词” 的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用复 数形式；但是若前有the only, 将其限定为只有一个时,谓语动词用单数形式.
4.the＋adj.作主语
the＋adj.,表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如the old, the young, the rich, the poor等
the+ adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，如the beautiful, the good等
The old ____ taken good care of in our society.
The rich ____ for the decision but the poor are against it.
The wounded ____ a young boy.
The beautiful ____not always the same as the good.
are
are
was
is
就近原则
即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，
取决于最靠近他的主语。
A or B
Not A but B
Either A or B
Neither A nor B
Not only A but also B
Verb
就近原则：
1. 我们教室里有一台电视机和56张桌子.
There are 56 desks and one television in our classroom.
There is one television and 56 desks in our classroom.
存在句: There be ……. 结构
Here
There
+Verb
A and B
A , B and C

Not only you but also he ____ wrong. (is/are)
Neither you nor he ___ right. (is/are)
There ___ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are)
Here __ a map and a handbook for you. (is/are)
is
is
are
is
＿
＿＿＿＿＿
______
＿
1．One or two days ____ enough to see the city．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
2．Not the teacher，but the students ____ looking forward to seeing the film．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
3. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another．
A. is B. are C．am D．be
4. Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．
A．is B. are C．am D．be
5. Either she or you_________ going to visit Beijing.
A. is B. are C．am D．be
6. Many a man___ the story.　A. believes 　 B. believe

7.More than one man ___died in the accident.　A. has B. have

8.More than five men ___died in the accident.　A. has B. have
A
A
B
语法一致
即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。
语法一致：
1.当主语由and连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。 如 表示不同的人或物时, 谓语动词用复数，此时and后面的名词有冠词。
The worker and writer ____(be) from Wuhan.
那个工人兼作家
The worker and the writer _____(be) from Beijing.
那位工人和那位作家
is
are
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is　　B. was　 C. are　 D. were
The gift is used to have western meals.
What is it?
a knife and fork
A knife and fork___ used to have meals.
is
a singer and dancer
The singer and dancer _____ on the stage.
is
Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.
晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯。
To see is to believe.
眼见为实。

Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
我们是否去要取决于天气的好坏。
2.动词不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。例如：
Something ____ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch.

Anybody who _______ ( break / breaks) the rule
will be punished.
3.不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语，
谓语动词用单数形式;
has
breaks
Two pictures ______ on the wall, which attract many people.
On the wall _____ two pictures, which attract many people.
Their teacher ______ among the students, who is in her thirties.
Among the students _____ their teacher, who is in her thirties.
4.倒装句中的语法一致
are
are
stands
stands
5、由分数或百分数+名词作主语时，谓语动词的  形式与of 后面的名词的数一致 即分数或百分数+of+不可数名词或单数名词， 谓语动词用单数 分数或百分数+of+复数名词，谓语动词用复数
Ten percent of the pupils _____ absent today.
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ____ sea.
are
is
Exercises
1. Reading English papers and magazines ___helpful to our study of English. (is/ are)
2. Whether he comes or not ____ of no matter. (is /are)
3. To say ___ one thing; to do ___another. (is/are)
4. Listening, speaking, reading and writing ____four skills for English study. (is/are)
5. Where to find the plant and what to do with it _____still the problems to settle. (is/are)
is
is
is
is
are
are
就远原则
“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语，谓语与主语一致
当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than,
along with,with ,like, rather than, together with , but ,
except, besides, ,including等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的
单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。
1. The teacher with two students ______ at the meeting . (was / were)
2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, ________ an
important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play
was
A
就远原则
A

谓语动词与第一个主语A保持一致
All but one ______(be) here just now.
A library with five thousand books ___(be) offered to the nation as a gift.
A peasant together with some soldiers ____(be) about to help us.
with
along with
together with
besides
but
except
including
as well as
rather than
B
were
is
is
1．Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ late for class yesterday．
A．was B．were
C．has been D．have been
2．A woman with some children ____ soon．
A．is coming B．are coming
C．has come D．have come
3. Everything, including the clothes, ____ stolen that evening.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
4．No one except my parents ____ anything about this。
A．know B．knows
C．is known D．are known
5．The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already．
A．has read B．have read
C．are reading D．is reading
6．All but one ____ in the accident．
A．was killed B．were killed
C．will be killed D．are killed
Exercises
1．One or two days ____ enough to see the city．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
2．Neither my wife nor I myself ____ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
Exercises:
3．Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
4．Not the teacher，but the students ____ looking forward to seeing the film．
A．is B．are
C．am D．be
5．Nobody but Betty and Mary ____ late for class yesterday．
A．was B．were
C．has been D．have been
6．A woman with some children ____ soon．
A．is coming B．are coming
C．has come D．have come
7．No one except my parents ____ anything about this。
A．know B．knows
C．is known D．are known
8．The teacher as well as the students ____ the book already．
A．has read B．have read
C．are reading D．is reading
9．All but one ____ in the accident．
A．was killed B．were killed
C．will be killed D．are killed
10. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _____ tired of having one examination after another.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
11. A library with five thousand books ___to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered B. has offered
C. are offered D. have offered
12. When and where to build the new factory ___ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
13. The number of people invited ___fifty, but a number of them ___ absent for different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was
C. was; were D. were; were
14. E-mail, as well as telephones, ___ an important part in daily communication.
A . is playing B. have played
C. are playing D. play
15. ____ of the land in that district ____ covered with trees and grass.
A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are
C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
16 No one but her parents _____ it.  A. know            B. knows        
C. is knowing       D. are knowing17. The results of the examination ___that you have all made great _____ .  A. show; progress    B. shows; progress 
C. show; progresses  D. shows; progresses18.Here _____ a new pair of shoes for you.  A. is              B. are           
C. have           D. has