Unit 2
Working the land
Unit 2 Working the land
Warming up and reading1
Have you ever been to the countryside? what did you do there?
Warming up – I ( 5ms )
Answer the following questions:
Farming
Are you from a farmer’s family? what do you know about farming?
soil
ploughing
crops
weather &climate
Irrigating(灌溉)
……
Agriculture in the past
Agriculture in the modern times
Pre-reading ( 4ms )
Answer the following questions:
What is the main food in all East Asian and Southeast Asian countries?
Rice. It is said that there are 2.4 billion people to eat rice every day throughout the world.
What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?
If that happened, people there would suffer from starvation. People would be panic(惊慌) and the whole country would get into trouble.
袁隆平被誉为中国的“杂交水稻之父”. 中国农民说，吃饭靠“两平”，一靠邓小平----制定了生产承包责任制的政策，二靠袁隆平----发明了杂交稻。
袁隆平，男，１９３０年９月出生于北京，１９５３年毕业于西南农学院农学系。毕业后，一直从事农业教育及杂交水稻研究。
在中国人民正闹饥荒的20世纪60年代，袁隆平提出了杂交水稻的概念，这种新型水稻具有高产量的特点。10年后，他研制成功了一种产量比一般水稻高出20%的新型水稻。
　　袁隆平一生献身于农业研究，先后受到联合国教科文组织、粮农组织的称誉。袁隆平虽已年届７０岁，仍然一如既往地从事农业研究。
袁隆平人物简历
hybrid rice;
System of Production Responsibility;
institute;
suffer the famine;
Yield;
UNESCO, FAO.
Take a break!
Take a break
1.What does Dr Yuan look like?
2.What’s his achievement?
3.What do you think of him?
Listen to the tape and answer the following questions:
1.What does Dr Yuan look like?
He has a sunburnt face and arms and a slim, strong body. He is more like a farmer than a scientist.
2.What’s his achievement?
He grows what is called super hybrid rice, which makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. Using his hybrid rice farmers’ producing harvests twice as large as before.
3.What do you think of him?
He doesn’t like money because he gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. He doesn’t like fame too though he has made great contributions to the world. He’s really respectable.
Why did Dr Yuan want to increase the rice output when he was young?
How does he help rid the world of hunger?
What kind of life is Dr Yuan leading?
Use a few words to describe Dr Yuan’s personality.
Second Reading
Reading ( 8ms )
Read the text and answer the following questions:
Why did Dr Yuan want to increase the rice output when he was young?
Dr Yuan wanted to increase the rice output because he saw many people go hungry when he was young.
2. How does he help rid the world of hunger?
He helps the world get rid of hunger by producing a hybrid strain of rice which increase the harvest.
3. What kind of life is Dr Yuan leading?
Dr Yuan is leading a simple life, doing his research, listening to his music and riding his motor-bike.
4. Use a few words to describe Dr Yuan’s personality.
Dr Yuan is a simple, academic man who is more interested in helping others than being famous.
Detail reading ( 8ms )
Please write down the smaller heading giving a little more information according to the large headings as follows:
A pioneer for all people
Large headings
He wants everyone to call him a farmer.
A scientist works the land.
Sunburnt face and arms, slim ,strong body.
Grow hybrid rice.
The first agricultural pioneer.
His biography.
In 1931, he was born.
In 1953, he graduated and devoted his life to finding ways to grow rice.
Last year,twenty billion tons of rice was produced. Now, Dr Yuan is circulating his kownledge.
His personality
He is satisfied with his life.
Why is he satisfied with his life?
Because he doesn’t like money and fame.
The first dream.
The second dream.
His dreams
Do you want to end the famine(饥荒)in the world ?If you had the chance to do something to help end hunger in the world, what would you do ?
Discussion ( 8ms )
The measures taken to deal with hunger
Invent a new kind of plant to produce more food.
Find a sort of fertilizer(肥料)to give rice enough nutrition.
Stop the pollution to the environment and protect the soil in the field.
Assignment
Surf the Internet to find more information about farming and you are expected to present it to your classmates in the next class.
Take a break!
Language points
for reading 1
If so=If you have ever grown some plants.
so 表示“象那样的，如前所说的”，用于代替已陈述的事。如：
-----can you pass the exam?
------I hope so.
2.Dr Yuan grows what is called super hybrid rice.
袁博士种植了被人称作超级杂交水稻的稻谷。
e.g. I don’t quite understand what you are explaining. Please watch what I am doing carefully.
What =the thing(s) that
______the emperor saw was quite different from_______ the old minister told him.
A. What, that B. That, what
C. Which, that D. All, all
2. It is pretty well understood _______controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when
C. what D. how
3. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.
这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。
it 在句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语为to produce…, 结构为：动词（make, feel, think, regard…）+it +adj+ to do.
e.g. We think it important to learn English well.
4.Born in a poor farmer’s family in 1931,Dr. Yuan graduate from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953.
袁博士1931年出身于一个贫苦农民的家庭，1953年毕业于西南农学院。
graduate n. a person who has completed a university degree course. 毕业生
undergraduate 本科毕业生
post-graduate 硕士毕业生，研究生
graduate vi. complete an educational course. 常跟介词from，表示“毕业于”
graduation n. 毕业
e.g. After his graduation from college, he went to work as an engineer in a company.
=After he graduated from college, he went to work as an engineer in a company.
Supplement :
bachelor’s degree 学士学位
master’s degree 硕士学位
doctor’s degree 博士学位
5.Since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice.
从那以后，他就把毕生精力投入到水稻高产的研究中。
devote oneself to+ n/doing 献身于，致力于
注意：to 为介词，后面接v-ing.类似的短语还有look forward to, listen to, get to, reply to, apologize to, belong to, agree to等等.
6. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvest without expanding the area of fields.
袁博士寻求一种在不扩大种植面积的情况下提高水稻产量的方法。
注意：search强调搜查，一般表示目标明确范围较小。search sb 搜身；search spl 搜查某地
search for 强调寻找，一般表示范围较大。
search for sb 寻找某人
e.g. The police searched the woods for the lost child.
警察在树林里寻找失踪的小孩。
Scientists are still searching for a cure to the common cold.
科学家们仍然在寻找普通感冒的治疗方法。
search/search for/in search of
1.The officer went up ______________the murder.
2.The thieves are ____________________the hidden treasure in the museum.
3.Birds fly to the south ______________the winter sunshine.
to search
searching for
in search of
7.Thanks to his research, the UN is trying to rid the world of hunger.
由于他的研究，联合国正在努力清除世界饥饿。
thanks to=because of ;owing to
e.g.__________________________, we won the game.
由于你的支持，我们赢得了比赛。
Thanks to your support
8.Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.
用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出比以前多一倍的粮食。
倍数词（twice/half/three times/a quarter etc.）+as + 形容词原级 +as …表示“是…的多少倍
e.g. The number of the students in our school is ___________________________ in their school.
我们学校学生的数量是他们学校的两倍。
twice as large as that
9. However, he cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life.
但是他很少想到要把钱花在自己的身上，或享受舒适的生活。
lead a …life 过……生活。英语中少数动词，包括一些不及物动词的宾语可能是与它同源的名词类似的短语动词有：die a …death, smile a …smile, dream a … dream, live a …life, sigh a …sigh etc.
care (little/much) about-------be concerned about 关心，介意，后面跟从句时候，about常省略。
care for-----look after 照料；
like or want 想要，喜欢
e.g. Albert Einstein didn’t care much about what to wear.
Would you help to care for my pet while I am away?
10. Dr Yuan is more a farmer than a scientist.
与其说袁博士是一个科学家不如说他是一个农民。
be more than=not only 不仅仅，超过
e.g. Learning is more than reading.
be more +A +than +B 与其说是B还倒不如说是A
e.g. He is more an ordinary person than a leader.
Remember to review the knowledge! See you next time!
Take a break!
Learn about language
Learning about language
Checking answer – I ( 3ms )Answer keys for Ex.1 on Page 11:
sunburnt
hunger
rid … of
expand
circulate
lead a … life
thanks to
would rather
struggle
export
Checking answer – II (3ms)Answer keys for Ex.2 on Page 12:
prove
2. would rather
3. live
4. life
5. rid
6. of
7. output
8. increased
9. sunburnt
Checking answer – III (2ms)Answer keys for Ex.2 on Page 12:
super
2. satisfied
3. strain
4. Exported
5. suitable
Useful structure ( 30m )
The use of the -ing form
The –ing form as the Subject ＆Object
1．作主语
动名词作主语时，句子有两种形式：
①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。
1) 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的.
Playing tricks on others is something we should never do．
2)学习新单词对我来说非常重要。
Learning new words is very important for me．
3)说比做容易。
Talking is easier than doing.
②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful，useless，good，fun；no use，worth等。如：
和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。
It is useless trying to argue with Shylock．
这事值得去做。
It’s worth making the effort．
想再解释一次有好处吗?
Is it any good trying to explain?
跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。
It is pleasant working with you．
③在there be结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do… ”。例如：
若要人不知，除非己莫为。
There is no hiding of evil but not to do it．
这种事开不得玩笑。
Here is no joking about such matter.
无法知道他什么时候离开
There was no knowing when he would leave.
动名词与不定式做主语时的比较：
动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如：
还是个孩子的时侯，她就觉得探视病人是一种责任，也是一种愉悦。
As a child，she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure．
到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。
Being a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me.
一直不做就是作恶。
Doing nothing is doing ill．
他说：“继续这样下去是无用的。”
He said，“To go on like this is no use．”
我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。
It’s an honor for me to be invited to the party．
归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：
It +be +a waste of time doing
做、、、是浪费时间的
It is/was no good/use doing
做、、、是没用处的
It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing
做、、、不值得
It is/was worth/worthwhile doing
做、、、是值得的
There is no doing
无法、、、， 不允许、、、
There is no sense in doing
做、、、没有道理
There is/was no use doing
干、、、无意义
There is/was nothin