Grammar
Learning about language
1. Look at the reading passage again to find words and expressions that mean the same.
perform
humour
astonish
bore
charm
entertain
fortunately
contentedly
humorously
astonishingly
boringly
charmingly
entertainingly
In the 1990s, Mr. Bean became a star using mime to highlight difficult social situations much as Charlie Chaplin had done. His method of acting was to appear _________, look around and then do exactly the wrong thing. Children particularly would burst into _______ at his behavior. He always managed to _______ those things that people are
uncertain
laughter
pick out
2. Answer key for Exercise 2.
afraid of doing because they do not want to appear a social _______. On one occasion in a restaurant he ordered a steak tartare. When the uncooked meat arrived he was ________ by shame because he could not eat it. He __________ a piece of meat and pretended to ______ a mouthful but instead put it into the plant pot beside him. He put other pieces into his pocket.
failure
overcome
cut off
chew
_________ the meal he seemed to show great ___________in his food. He was such an ___________ performer that when he finished eating his dinner, the waiter offered him the same dish again at on extra _______!
Throughout
enjoyment
outstanding
charge
Revision
-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. Talking to him is talking to a wall.

2. Smoking may cause cancer.
对他说话等于对牛弹琴。
吸烟会致癌。
3. Walking is my sole exercise.

4. Talking mends no holes.

5. I suggest bringing the meeting to an end.
散步是我唯一的运动。
（谚）空谈无济于事。
我建议结束会议。
6. He admitted taking the money.

7. I couldn’t help laughing.

8. Your coat needs brushing.
他承认钱是他拿的。
我禁不住笑了起来。
你的大衣需要刷一下。
-ing 形式作定语, 宾语补足语和表语的用法
一、-ing形式作定语
1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：
building materials
= materials for building 建筑材料
drinking water
= water for drinking 饮用水
a walking stick
= a stick for walking 手杖
a reading room
= a room for reading 阅览室
a writing desk
= a desk for writing 写字台
tiring music
= music that is tiring 烦人的音乐
a surprising result
= a result that is surprising
一个惊人的结果
2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：
They lived in a room facing the street.
= They lived in a room that faces the street.
他们住在一间面朝街的房子。
The man standing there is Peter’s father.
= The man who is standing there is Peter’s father.
站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。
Anybody swimming in this river will be fined.
= Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined.
在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。
3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：
His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
= His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。
The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
= The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。
二、-ing形式作宾语补足语
1. 1) 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如：
When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance.
当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。
We found the snake eating the eggs.
我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。
I found a bag lying on the ground.
我发现地板上放着一个包。
The boss kept the workers working the whole night.
那老板让工人整夜地工作。
2）当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。如：
They found the result very satisfying.
= The result is found very satisfying.
这个结果很令人满意。
They heard him singing in the next room.
= He was heard singing in the next room.
有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。
We mustn’t keep them waiting.
= They mustn’t be kept waiting.
千万不能让他们等。
2. 能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:
1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。如：
We saw a light burning in the window.
I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.
Can you smell anything burning?
As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously.
Listen to the birds singing.
I didn’t notice him waiting.
2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：
I won’t have you doing that.
This set me thinking.
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
I can’t get the clock going again.
You won’t catch me doing that again.
你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。
3. see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：
We passed by the classmates and saw
the teacher making the experiment.
我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。
（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师
正在做实验）
① 前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示
（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如:
We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment.
我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。
（一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验）
② 如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作， 而-ing形式则表示反复动作。如：
We heard the door slam.
We heard the door slamming.
(反复动作)
(一次动作)
三、-ing形式作表语
-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如：
Her hobby is painting.
她的业余爱好是画画。
My job is looking after the children.
我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。
His concern for his mother is most touching.
他对母亲的关爱很感人。
She was very pleasing in her appearance.
Exercises
Point out the usage of the –ing form.
1. Do you find it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin, bumping into someone else round a corner, or falling down a hole in the road?
sliding, bumping, falling
作宾语补足语
2. He became famous for using a particular form of acting, including mime and farce.
using 作介词for的_____
including作______
宾语
状语
3. …But he was lived by all who watched the films for his determination in overcoming difficulties and being kind even when people were unkind to him.
overcoming作___________
介词宾语
4. That was the problem facing Charlie Chaplin in one of his most famous films.
facing 作____
5. He loved it by using nonverbal humor.
using 作________
定语
介词宾语
6. Their job is “panning for gold”.
panning 作________
7. Finally he tries cutting and eating the bottom of the shoe.
cutting, eating 作______
表语
宾语
Explain the following phrases in simple English.
A bag
for
sleeping
A boy
that is
sleeping
A cup
for
drinking
A horse
that is
drinking
A hall
for
dancing
A girl
that is
dancing
A pot for
cooking
A story
that is
moving
A
machine
for
washing
A sound
that is
terrifying
A table
for
operating
A leader
who is
inspiring
Choose the suitable words from the box below and fill in the blanks in the correct form.
1. I can’t imagine Billy ______ a motorbike.
riding
2. Did you hear the dog downstairs _______ for most of the night?
3. Frank is very good at telling funny jokes. He can be very ________.
4. You can’t stop me _____ what I want.
5. He gave me a _________ hug when he met me at the airport.
barking
amusing
doing
welcoming
6. Jim has really learnt very fast. She has made __________ progress.
7. It’s been raining all day. This weather is __________.
8. When I came out of the theatre, I noticed a group of children _______ musical instruments across the street.
astonishing
depressing
playing
Please read the sentences carefully, trying to pick out the errors and then correct them.
1. I am looking forward to visit Charlie Chaplin Museum in Switzerland next week.
visiting
2. Many people still enjoy seeing Charlie Chaplin’s silent films.
3. That cartoon picture shows Charlie Chaplin watch himself watching in a movie.
4. Charlie’s nonverbal humor often makes people bursting with laughter.
√
watching
burst
5. We are all fond of Charlie’s early films, which we think are more interested.
6. I missed to see the beginning of the film City Lights the other day.
7. I wouldn’t mind to see The Gold Rush again with you tonight.
interesting
seeing
seeing
8. Charlie’s job was entertain people, wasn’t he?
entertaining
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Don’t leave the water _______ while you brush your teeth.
A. run B. running
C. being run D. to run
2. Tell Mary that there’s someone ____ for her at the door.
　 A. waiting B. waited
C. waits D. to wait
3. The _______ waiter came up to us and said, “You are welcome.”
　A. smiling B. smiled
C. smile D. to smile
4. A phone call sent him _______ to the hospital.
　 A. hurry B. hurrying
C. to hurry D. hurried
5. Do you know the boy _______ under the big tree?
A. lay B. lain
C. laying D. lying
6. I can hardly imagine Peter _______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. sail B. to sail
C. sailing D. to have sailed
7. There are lots of places of interest _______ in our city.
  A. needs repairing
B. needing repaired
  C. needed repairing
D. needing to be repaired
8. The drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls _______ in all directions before he was sent _______ by his wife.
  A. flying; to sleep
B. flying; sleeping
C. to fly; to sleeping
D. to fly; to sleep
9. When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _______ but the door _______.
A. being on; shut
B. burning; shutting
C. burning; shut
D. on; shutting
10. As is known to us all, traveling is _____, but we often feel _____ when we are back from travels.
  A. interesting; tired
B. interested; tiring
C. interesting; tiring
D. interested; tired
11. The woman found it no good _____ her daughter too much money.
A. giving B. being given
C. given D. gave
12. As the stone was too heavy t