Unit 2 Working the land
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熟记单词
1． (n.& v．)饥饿，欲望；(使)饥饿
2. (adj.) 晒黑的
3. (vt.& vi.) 伸展，使变大
4. (n.) 自主，自由
5. (vt.& vi.) 输出，出口
6. (adj.) 化学的
7. (vt.) 使迷惑，使为难
hunger
sunburnt
expand
freedom
export
chemical
confuse
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8. (n.) 矿物，矿石
9. (vt.) 减少，减缩
10. (n.) 水平，程度
11. (adv.) 无论什么
12. (n.) 摘要，总结，概要
13. (v.) 交换
14. (adj.) 确定的
15. (n.) 产量，输出
mineral
reduce
level
whatever
summary
exchange
certain
output
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16. (vt.& vi.) 循环，流传
17. (vt.& vi.) 斗争；拼搏，努力
18. (n.) 谷物，粮食，颗粒
19. (adj.) 合适的
20. (vt.& vi.) 装备，配备
circulate
struggle
grain
suitable
equip
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翻译词组
1．认为……是……
2．为……而斗争
3．毕业于
4．幸亏，因为
5．摆脱，除去
6．过着……生活
regard...as
struggle for
graduate from
thanks to
rid...of
lead a．..life
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7．用……装备……
8．提供……给……
9．对……表示满意
10．宁愿；宁可
11．拉小提琴
12．一粒粮食
13．搜索，查找
equip...with
supply...to
be satisfied with
would rather
play the violin
a grain of rice
search for
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14．导致，造成(后果)
15．盛产，富含
16．在乎，喜欢
17．以……交换……
lead to
be rich in
care about
exchange...for...
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背诵句型
In 1974，he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.
1974年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。
句型　be/become＋the first/last＋n.＋不定式(作定语)
巧学活用
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1. struggle v．& n．　斗争，搏斗
(1)struggle with/against与……搏斗/斗争
struggle for sth.努力/争取得到某物
struggle to do sth.努力做某事
struggle through the snowstorm冒着暴风雪前进
struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来
(2)the struggle for existence生存竞争
take up a struggle从事/参加斗争
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即境活用
1．完成句子
(1)They had to ____________________________________(与气候和野兽抗争)．
(2)They had to ____________________________________(和各种各样的困难作斗争)．
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(3)She ___________________________(挣扎着想摆脱那个袭击她的人)．
(4)____________________(经过长期努力)，the old woman gained control of her business.
答案：(1)struggle against weather and wild animals
(2)struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties　(3)struggled to get away from her attacker　(4)After a long struggle
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2. equip v．　装备，配备
(1)be equipped with...
＝equip...with...用……装备……
equip sth.on...在……上装备某物
to be specially equipped装备独特
equip sb.for...使某人具有……
(2)equipment n．[U]设备，器材
a useful piece of equipment for...一件有用的……设备
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即境活用
2．完成句子
(1)Our classroom __________________________________(配有一台电视机和一台录音机)．
(2)A good education ____________________(能受用终生)．
(3)Our school has been given some __________(新设备)．
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(4)It was a modern，bright，____________________(设备精良的医院)．
答案：(1)is equipped with a TV set and a taperecorder(2)should equip you for life　(3)new equipment　(4)well equipped hospital
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3. expand vi.　扩大，增加，增强　vt.　使变大，使增强，阐述
(1)expand into把……扩展(发展、膨胀)
expand on/upon阐述，详谈
(2)expansion n．扩大，扩张，扩展
expansive adj.广阔的，易扩张的，易膨胀的
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即境活用
3.完成句子
(1)A child’s vocabulary ______________________(通过阅读得到扩大)．
(2)Why not try to __________________________(把你的故事扩展成小说)?
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(3)You mentioned the need for extra funding.__________________________(详细谈谈好吗)?
答案：(1)expands through reading　(2)expand your story into a novel　(3)Would you expand on that
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4. regret vt.　遗憾；惋惜　n．　遗憾；懊悔
(1)regret doing sth.后悔做了某事
regret to do sth.(常和tell，say，inform等词连用)对将要做某事表示遗憾
regret that... 遗憾……
(2)with great/deep regret很遗憾
to one’s regret让某人感到遗憾的是
It is to be regretted that... 使人遗憾的是……
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即境活用
4．完成句子
(1)If you don’t do it now，__________________(你一定会后悔的)．
(2)He bitterly ______________________________(懊悔提起那件事)．
(3)She ______________________ (表示失望)the decision.
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(4)__________________(我遗憾地告诉你) that you haven’t passed the examination.
(5)________________(让她深感遗憾的是)，she missed the good chance.
答案：(1)you’ll only regret it　(2)regretted ever having mentioned it　(3)expressed her regret at　(4)I regret to tell you　(5)Much to her regret
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5. reduce vt.　减缩，减少，降低，使……陷入某种更坏的状态
(常用于被动语态)
(1)be reduced to...沦落为……
reduce sth.to...减少到……
reduce sth.by...减少了……
(2)reduction n．缩小；减少
make a reduction减价
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即境活用
5．完成句子
(1)He ________________________ (陷入了绝望)at the sight.
(2)The reform ____________________________________(把我们都降为公务员了)．
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(3)She ________________________(体重减轻了6公斤)．
(4)The output of cotton this year ____________________________(减少了百分之二十)．
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(5)She successfully __________________________(体重减轻到40公斤)．
答案：(1)was reduced to despair　(2)has reduced us to servants of the State　(3)reduced her weight by 6 kilos　(4)has been reduced by 20 percent　(5)reduced her weight to 40 kilos
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6. confuse vt.　使迷惑，使不解
(1)confuse A and (with)B　把A和B混淆了
confused adj.迷乱的，感到迷惑的
confusing adj.难以理解的，不清楚的，莫名其妙的
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(2)confuse指“使……混乱，糊涂”，强调使人混淆而迷乱。
puzzle是“使……迷惑”，多指某一复杂的事件或困难的问题“使……迷惑”。
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即境活用
6．完成句子
(1)Don’t give me so much information－________________________________(你都把我搞糊涂了)．
(2)Waking up in strange surroundings __________(把她都搞糊涂了)．
(3)I’m always __________________________(分不清约翰和保罗) －which one is John?
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(4)That argument’s completely irrelevant－__________________(你把问题都搞乱了)．
(5)She __________________(感到迷惑)when she heard his __________________(莫名其妙的言辞)．
答案：(1)you’re confusing me　(2)confused her　(3)confusing John and/with Paul　(4)you’re confusing the issue(5)felt confused；confusing remarks
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7. rid...of　摆脱；除去
get rid of免除；摆脱
rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物
remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事
inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事
cure sb.of a disease医好某人的病
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即境活用
7．完成句子
(1)You should __________________________(改掉那个坏习惯)．
(2)You are supposed to ____________________(克服粗心的毛病)．
(3)Please __________________ (提醒我一下这个约会)at this time tomorrow.
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(4)The lady ________________________(手提包遭抢劫) when she was walking in the street.
(5)The doctors said they could not ________________________________(治好怀特先生的这种怪病)．
答案：(1)rid yourself of that bad habit　(2)get rid of carelessness　(3)remind me of the date　(4)was robbed of her handbag(5)cure Mr.White of this strange disease
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8. lead to　导致；造成(后果)；通往，通向
lead sb.to do sth.使某人做某事
lead/live/have a．..life过着……样的生活
lead sb.into带某人进入
lead the way引路，带路
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即境活用
8.完成句子
(1)All roads ________________(通罗马)．
(2)What ________________(使你这么想)?
(3)The cigarette end ______________(引起了这场火灾)．
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(4)With the boy ______________(带路)，we found the place easily.
(5)He decided ____________________________________(把女孩领进经理办公室)．
答案：(1)lead to Rome　(2)led you to think so　(3)led to the fire　(4)leading the way　(5)to lead the girl into the manager’s office
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9. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.
袁隆平博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
what is/was called或what people call/called是习惯用法，意为“所谓的；人们常说的”，相当于socalled。其中引导词what在此句中相当于“the＋n.＋that”结构。本句可改为Dr Yuan Longping grows the rice that is called super hybrid rice.
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即境活用
9．完成句子
(1)At last，they reached ____________________________(被称为美洲大陆的新地方)．
＝At last，they reached ______________________ the New America.
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(2)He graduated from ______________________________(一所所谓的重点高中)．
＝He graduated from ______________________________ a key one.
答案：(1)what is called the New America；the place that is called　(2)what was called a key high school；the high school that was called
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10. the first后跟不定式句型
句型：主语＋be/become＋the first＋to do sth.
【注意】　(1)被不定式修饰的名词和动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系。
(2)此结构相当于定语从句。
(3)the first可依据具体情况，替换为the second，the third，the last，the only，the very等。
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即境活用
10．完成句子
(1)The Chinese was the first ______________(点燃圣火)on the top of Qomolangma.
(2)Mike was __________________ (最后被表扬) at the meeting.
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(3)Liu Xiang became ________________________________________(第一个获得短跑冠军的亚洲运动员)．
(4)He was ____________________ (唯一一个不同意)to the plan.
答案：(1)to light the flame　(2)the last to be praised(3)the first Asian athlete to win the short running　(4)the only one to say no
专题突破锦囊
正确使用派生词(2)
3．动词前后、形容词前后可有副词。如果所需词为副词时，还要考虑副词级的变化。
(1)The boy ran quickly (quick) to school.
(2)“What’s that？” Father shouted angrily (angry)．
突破语法填空
专题突破锦囊
(3)The little girl is extremely (extreme) eager to know the result of the exam.
(4)Your composition is badly (bad)organized.Please do your writing exercise more attentively (attend) next time.
(5)He was very tired after doing this for a whole day，but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher (height)．
专题突破锦囊
4．名词前面一般可有形容词修饰语，如果所需词为形容词时，还要考虑形容词级的变化。
(1)What’s the widest (width) river in the world?
(2)The stronger (strength) we become，the more modest we should be.
专题突破锦囊
根据上下文语境在画线处写出一个合适的词。
Rafting
Rafting is an 1.____(excite)adventure.A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams.Rafting is a good way to experience 2.____(natural)．If you want a normal rafting trip，choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few fallen trees or rocks.If you are looking for more 3.____(excite)，you may want to try
技巧演练
专题突破锦囊
whitewater rafting.Whitewater rafting is 4.____(adventure)and 5.____(difficulty)than normal rafting.It is done on rivers and streams where the water moves 6.____(quick)．You have to be 7.____(care) not to hit rocks，trees and other 8.____(dangerous)．The name “Whitewater”comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.
专题突破锦囊
1．解析：adventure是名词，前面用形容词修饰它。
答案：exciting
2．解析：experience是动词，后接名词作宾语。
答案：nature
3．解析：look for后接名词作宾语，所以填excitement。
答案：excitement
专题突破锦囊
4．～5.解析：动词be后接形容词作表语，且后有than，所以这里用其形容词的比较形式。
答案：4.more adventurous　5.more difficult
6．解析：move是动词，后面跟副词作状语。
答案：quickly
7．解析：be后接形容词。
答案：careful
8．解析：other后接名词。
答案：dangers
专题突破锦囊
写作导与练
英语的惯用句型(1)
在英语中，有很多惯用句型和结构，而高考又要求用它们来写作，为此从本单元起，“写作步步高”将介绍一些英语的惯用句型和结构。
句型1　It must be pointed out that...必须指出的是……
专题突破锦囊
It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic State policies to control population
growth.
必须指出的是：控制人口增长是我国的一项基本国策。
句型2　It must be kept in mind that...必须记住的是……
专题突破锦囊
It must be kept in mind that there is no other secret of success but hard work.
必