Module 5
Unit 1 Great scientists

Warming up
Who are they?
Guessing game
Who is he?
A great scientist, Father of Hybrid Rice
This man puts an end to hunger
He is …
Yuan Longping
My secret of success is
knowledge, swink, inspiration
and opportunity.
我成功的秘诀：知识、汗水、灵感、机遇。”
Who is he?
He is called the greatest scientist in the 20th
century.
He is famous for the Theory of Relativity.
He is …
Albert Einstein
Imagination is more important than knowledge
"想象力比知识更重要."
What other scientists
do you know?
Do the quiz and see who knows the most.
Warming up
Archimedes (287—212 BC)
Archimedes: Ancient Greek. He was a mathematician. He found that if you put an object into water, the water pushes the object up. It rises and partly floats.
Give me a place to stand on, and I can move the earth.
----Archimedes
Charlie Darwin(1808-1882)
British naturalist. The Origin of Species was published in 1859. It explained how plants and animals had changed over time to fit in with a changing environment. His book showed that people had developed from apes.
British, improved the first steam pump and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712.
(1663-1729)
Thomas Newcomen
Gregor Mendel (1822—1884)
Austrian monk and botanist who was known for his experiments with plant hybrids
Gregor Mendel. The father of genetic. He grew pea plants and developed ideas on inherited characteristics [(可)遗传性状]. Between 1856—1863, he grew 28,000 pea plants. He examined seven kinds of seed and plant characteristics and developed some laws of inheritance遗传.
Marie Curie (1867-1934) was born in Poland, moved to Paris and studied chemistry and physics there. She married Pierre Curie and together they studied radioactive materials and discovered radium. In 1911 she received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Her death in 1934 was almost certainly due to radiation in her work.
Thomas Edison(1847----1931)
He was already an inventor of other electrical devices (phonograph, electric light bulb) when in 1882 he designed a system for providing New York with electricity from a central power station. This was a tremendous achievement, which had previously been thought impossible.
Leonardo da Vinci(1452-----1519)
He was a famous Italian artist whose skill for showing human skin tones(肤色 ) made his paintings seem to come alive. He used to study dead people in order to make his paintings as accurate as possible. One of his famous paintings includes the “The Last Supper”.
Sir Humphry Davy(1778—1829)
British. He did research into different gases and discovered the medical value of nitrous oxide (laughing gas) as an anaesthetic.(麻醉药) In 1815 he developed a safety lamp for miners.
Zhang Heng ,Chinese( 78-----139)
He invented the first seismograph to indicate in the direction of an earthquake. It was in the shape of a cylinder with eight dragonheads round the top, each with a ball in its mouth. Around the bottom were eight frogs directly under a dragon’s head. When an earthquake occurred, a ball fell out of the dragon’s mouth, making a noise.
Stephen Hawking,British(1942--- )
He has worked in astronomy and studied black holes in space. He has shown that black holes do not only absorb everything around them but, from time to time, throw out matter as well. This may mark the beginning of new galaxies. This is an advance on the old theory which said that black holes “eat” everything they come across.
Archimedes阿基米德
Charles Darwin查尔斯·达尔文
Thomas Newcomen托马斯·纽可曼第一台可供实际使用的蒸汽机
Gregor Mendel格雷戈门德尔奥地利遗传学家
Marie Curie玛丽·居里(波兰物理学家、化学家)
Thomas Edison托马斯·爱迪生(美国发明家)
Leonardo da Vinci莱昂纳多·达·芬奇：意大利画家、工程师、音乐家及科学家
Sir Humphry Davy大威爵士
Zhang HengChinese scientist of the East Han Dynasty (25 A.D.-220 A.D.)中国东汉科学家
Stephen Hawking斯蒂芬·霍金(英国科学家)
Language points
1.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?是谁发明了把电带给大城市中的每个人的办法?
the way of doing sth.= the way to do “做…的方法”
She showed us the way of cleaning it.= She showed us the way to clean it.
the way引导的定语从句且是定语从句中的状语时,其引导词有三种:that /in which/省略.
I don’t like the way (that/ in which) you speak to your father.
介词短语：
by the way 顺便说by way of  1. 经由, 经过2. 当作, 作为; 作出...样子
no way 没门,别想
in any way  无论如何, 在任何情况下
in every way  在各方面, 完全
in no way  决不, 无论如何不
on one’s/the way to…:在去…的路上
in this way=by this means=with this method这种方法
动词短语：
be （stand ） in sb. ‘s way  挡道； 妨碍某人, 阻挠某人
give way (to)  ：1. 让步; 退让2. 让位于3. 消失; 消除4. 变弱, 衰退5. 被某种感情征服, 失去控制6. (健康等)垮掉, 恶化, 衰退7. (头脑、神态)开始失常8. (绳子、树枝)折断9. (吓得、累得)发软, 支持不住10. (股票)下跌
feel one’s way 摸黑走,谨慎从事
lose one’s way 迷路
to offer (an idea, suggestion etc.) for consideration 提出(建议等)
(2)推荐某人或自己任职位;提名
May I put your name forward as our monitor?我能否提名你当我们的班长?
put away 抛弃;舍弃; 处理掉(吃, 把 ... 收好, 拿开, 排斥)
put down 写下来;记入名单; put off 耽误;延期
put on 穿上;戴上;增加 put out 熄灭(灯);扑灭 (火)
put up with… 忍受… put up 建立;建造,供给...住宿
2.Who put forward a theory about black holes?
You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please ______ the books when you’ve finished with them.
put on B. put down
C. put back D. put off
Homework:
1. Please memorize the following :
the way of doing sth.= the way to do “做…的方法”
put forward 提出 put away 抛弃;舍弃 put down 写下来;记入名单; put on 穿上;戴上;增加 put off 耽误;延期 put out 熄灭(灯);扑灭 (火) put up 建立;建造；供给...住宿 put up with… 忍受……
Physical characteristics身体特征;(物理性质) ; pass…from…to…; radium; painter
2. From what we have discussed, please guess what we will learn about tomorrow, and make some preparation.
Homework:
3. Translate the following into English:
每人都有各自做事的方法(way of doing…) 。

任何事情都可以做得更好(way to do …)。

她出了一个好主意。

我真不知道他怎麽吃得这样多！

决不要把工作拖到明天。

我再也受不了啦！
Homework:
3. Translate the following into English:
每人都有各自做事的方法(way of doing…) 。
Everyone has his own way of doing things.
任何事情都可以做得更好(way to do …)。
There's always a better way to do something.
她出了一个好主意。
She put forward a good idea.  
我真不知道他怎麽吃得这样多！
I don't know how he manages to put it all away!  
决不要把工作拖到明天。
Never put off the work till tomorrow ．
我再也受不了啦！
I'm not going to put up with this!
That’s cholera (霍乱)!
Who helped the people to defeat cholera?
John Snow
British ( 1813~ 1858)
a legendary(传说中的) figure in the history of public health, epidemiology（流行病学） and anesthesiology（麻醉学）
Paragraphs & Stages
Find a problem
Make up a question
Think of a method
Collect results
Analyze the results
Repeat if necessary
Draw a conclusion
What cause cholera?
Which theory is true?
Collect data…
Plot information…
Analyze the water
In addition,…
The water is …
Find supporting evidence
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks:
John Snow was a well-known ______ in London in the ___ century. He wanted to find the _____ of cholera in order to ______ it. In 1854 when a cholera _____ out, he began to gather information. He ______ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the ______ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _____ of all water supply be ________ and new methods of _______ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.
doctor
19th
cause
defeat
broke
marked
pump
source
examined
dealing
Summary
This passage mainly describes how John Snow found the cause of cholera by investigating a small area of houses which got their water from the pump and marking the deaths on a map. He decided that cholera could be defeated if people drank clean water.