复习课
Ⅲ. 句式填空
1. neither. . . nor. . . 连接两个主语
Neither (既不)its cause nor (也不)its cure was understood.
2. every time用作从属连词引导从句
So many thousands of terrified people died every time (每次)there was an outbreak.
3. have sth. done结构
A woman，who had moved away from Broad Street，liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered (让人运送水)to her house every day.
4. prevent. . . from doing sth. 防止/阻止……做某事；
suggest(建议)+宾语从句
To prevent this from happening (为防止这种情况发生)again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined (被检测).
5. “only+状语”位于句首构成部分倒装
Only if you put the sun there did (只有……才) the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
6. with复合结构作状语
He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it (行星围绕着它转)and only the moon still going round the earth.
Ⅳ. 教材设题
1. Who______ a theory about black holes?
A. put up B. put on
C. put out D. put forward
【解析】选D。句意：是谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？ put forward提出。
2. He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people______ to cholera.
A. expose B. exposed
C. exposing D. to expose
【解析】选B。expose“使暴露于；显露；使接触”，在此处作后置定语修饰people，二者存在动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。
3. The second (theory) suggested that people______ this disease into their bodies with their meals.
A. absorb B. absorbed
C. absorbing D. to absorb
【解析】选B。此句中suggest意为“暗示；表明”，所以其后宾语从句不能用虚拟语气，要用陈述语气，时态与suggest相一致。
4. It seemed that the water_______.
A. was to blame B. was to be blamed
C. should blame D. was blamed
【解析】选A。be to blame（应受责备）为一个固定结构，用主动形式表被动意义，不用被动语态。
5. Yet Copernicus’ theory is now the basis______ all our ideas of the universe are built.
A. for which B. to which
C. on which D. in which
【解析】选C。考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。此句中介词on和先行词basis构成固定搭配。
1. He______ from their remarks that they were not in favor of the plan.
A. concluded B. made C. put D. attended
【解析】选A。句意：他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同这项计划。conclude推断出，符合句意。
2. No difficulty could_____ this brave man since he is so confident and capable.
A. defeat B. attack C. win D. overcome
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何困难都不会击垮这位勇敢的人，因为他是那么的自信、有能力。defeat “打垮，打败”，其宾语为“人”或“一个团体”，符合句意及该词用法。而attack表示“袭击”；win宾语多用game, war, prize等词，不能是人；overcome意为“克服，战胜（困难或不良习惯等）”。
3. _____ to advertisements constantly can help to change people’s opinions over time．
［2011福州模拟］
A．Exposed B．Being exposed
C．Exposing D．To be exposed
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意：经常不断地接触广告, 久而久之会帮助改变人们的观点。分析句子结构可知，题干缺少主语，可排除A项。非谓语动词作主语时，表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用不定式；表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用动名词。根据句意，该主语应使用be exposed to结构的动名词形式，表示经常性的“接触”。
4. Don’t leave it______ to the sun，or it will get burnt.
A. exposing B. exposed
C. being exposed D. exposes
【解析】选B。考查“leave＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构。it与expose为动宾关系，故用过去分词。
5. After a fortnight’s______, the doctor successfully_____ me of my headache.
A. cure; treated B. treatment; cured
C. cure; treats D. treat; cures
【解析】选B。句意：经过两周的治疗后，医生成功地治愈了我的头痛病。第一空为名词“治疗”，用treatment；第二空表示“治愈”，强调结果，故用cure，固定搭配为cure sb. of sth. 。
6. We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that_____ for their son’s bad performance at school.
A. are to blame B. is to be blamed
C. are to be blamed D. is to blame
【解析】选D。句意：我们都觉得是杰克和他的妻子应该为他们儿子在校表现差负责。句中宾语从句使用了强调句型且强调了从句主语部分Jack as well as his wife，其谓语动词应使用单数；be to blame为固定短语，意为“负责任，受责备”，用主动形式表示被动意义。
7. Plastic bags are provided for our convenience but they have also_____ the pollution of the environment．
[2011杭州模拟]
A. adapted to B. turned to
C. contributed to D. looked forward to
【解析】选C。句意：塑料袋是为我们提供了方便，但同时也导致了环境污染。contribute to有“导致”之意，符合句意。adapt to适应；turn to转向，求助于；look forward to盼望。
1. —Excuse me, can I______ my suggestion?
—Go ahead.
A. give off B. call in
C. put forward D. set out
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。give off发出；call in召来；put forward提出；set out开始。由句意可知C项正确。
2._____ its low cost, the appeal of iron as a building material lies in its strength, its resistance to fire, and its potential to span vast areas.
[2011杭州模拟]
A. Other than B. Apart from
C. Except D. Rather than
【解析】选B。句意：除了较低的费用外，钢铁作为建筑材料的吸引力还在于它的强度，耐火性和它涉及多个领域的潜能。apart from的用法之一是“除……之外（还有）”，符合句意。other than相当于except，意为“除……之外（别无）”，rather than意为“而不是”。
3. The whole situation was so complex that they could hardly make any_____ of it at all.
[2011温州模拟]
A. sense B. meaning
C. explanation D. idea
【解析】选A。考查固定词组。make sense of理解，明白困难的或看似无法理解的事物。
1. ______ you take part in physical activity______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.
A. Only if; you will B. Only if; will you
C. Unless; you will D. Unless; will you
【解析】选B。句意：只有参加体育活动，你才会保持身体健康。only if表示“只有，只要”，放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
2. 完成句子
1)Only in this way can you finish it (你才能把它完成)ahead of time.
2)If only I had known you (我认识你)then!
1. —______either she or I fit for the job?
—I’m sorry to tell you that neither she nor you _____.
[2011太原模拟]
A. Is; are B. Are; are C. Am; is D. Is; is
【解析】选A。either. . . or. . . 和neither. . . nor. . . 连接并列主语时，谓语动词均适用于就近一致原则。前者就近主语是she，故用is；后者就近主语是you，故用are。
2. ______ what they said, nor do I care about it.
A. Either I want to know
B. Neither do I want to know
C. Not only do I want to know
D. Neither I want to know
【解析】选B。分析句子结构可知，此句是用neither. . . nor. . . 连接了两个句子。当neither，nor分别位于句首连接两个句子时，两个分句皆应用部分倒装语序。所以B项正确。
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Only a few friends attended (参加)their wedding.
2. Scientists are still searching for a cure (治愈)for cancer.
3. He waited for the announcement (通告；宣告)of the result of the competition.
4. I turned the handle (把手)and opened the door.
5. The river in our hometown is now polluted (污染).
6. Everyone should contribute (捐赠)what he or she can afford.
7. The doctor concluded (推断)that the patient’s disease was cancer.
8. I’ve been instructed (命令；指示)to wait here until the lecturer arrives.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. Our school defeated their school (打败了他们的学校)at football. (defeat)
2. I concluded from his expression (从他的表情得出结论)that he was not feeling well. (conclude)
3. They covered the boy with a blanket，leaving his face exposed outside (把他的脸露在外面). (expose)
4. The doctor cured the man of his cancer (治好了这个人的癌症). (cure)
5. He was blamed by his teacher (他受到了老师的责备)because he hadn’t finished his homework on time. (blame)
6. He put forward a suggestion (他提出了一项建议)that we should do something for the celebrations of the 60th anniversary of the PRC. (put forward)
7. Only if you work hard (你只有努力工作)can you be respected by others. (only if)
8. I had my wallet stolen (我的钱包被人偷了)while shopping. (have sth. done)
9. Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness (有助于成功和幸福). (contribute)
10. Can you make sense of (理解、弄清楚)the report the great scientist made yesterday? (sense)
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1. People_____ war too long suffered such a lot, losing their relatives, escaping from their homeland and so on.
A. was exposed to B. exposed to
C. were exposed to D. being exposed
【解析】选B。由句意和句子结构可知，空格处为people的定语，且expose to和people之间存在被动关系，故用其过去分词形式。
2. —He is feeling even worse.
—That is because he_____ to follow the doctor’s advice then.
[2011九江模拟]
A. rejected B. refused
C. objected D. led
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：——他感觉更糟了。——那是因为那时他拒绝接受医生的建议。reject后面通常不接不定式；object to doing“反对做”；lead to“导致”。refuse to do“拒绝做……”，与题意相符。故B项正确。
3. The suit fitted him well_____ the color was a little brighter.
A. except for B. in addition to
C. except that D. apart from
【解析】选C。句意：这套西服除了颜色有点儿亮外，很适合他穿。A、B、D三项后面不能跟句子。
4. ______ I met him，he was working as an engineer in a big company.
A. Since the first time B. The first time
C. For the first time D. The first time which
【解析】选B。本题考查状语从句。the first time在此处用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次……的时候”。for the first time是介词短语，常作时间状语，不能引导句子。
5. The boss of Microsoft is very strict_____ the staff, so everyone in the company has to be completely strict_____ their work.
A. with；with B. with；in
C. in；in D. in；with
【解析】选B。考查strict的用法。根据常用句型：be strict with sb. 和be strict in sth. 可以判断此题应选B。
6. They have discovered a new______ for the disease.
A. treatment B. cure
C. way D. method
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。treatment意为“治疗”; cure意为“治愈”，a cure for. . . 治疗……的方法/药；way和method均可表示“方法或方式”，但后面不跟介词for搭配。句意“他们发现了攻克此病的新方法”，故B项为最佳选项。
7. —The light was on all night long.
—Yes. It seemed that Mike_____. He was the last one to leave the office.
[2011太原模拟]
A. was to be blamed B. was to blame
C. had been blamed D. should be blamed
【解析】选B。 be to blame为固定短语，表示“应受责备”，用主动形式表达被动含义。
8. No matter how I tried to read it，the sentence didn’t_____ to me.
A. make clear B. make out
C. make sure D. make sense
【解析】选D。句意：不管我怎么读，我就是读不懂这个句子。make sense“讲得通，有道理”，符合题意。make clear“弄清楚”；make out“辨明，弄清”；make sure“确保”。
9. With the world_____ fast, we have something new to face every day.
A. changed B. changing
C. change D. to change
【解析】选B。考查with的复合结构。change与the world之间构成主动关系，且表示正在进行，故用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。
【举一反三】
With all factors______, we think this program may be better than all the others in achieving the goal.
A. being considered B. considering
C. considered D. are considere