中考英语总复习
名词复习
名 词
一、考查重点
可数名词与不可数名词
名词的单数与复数名词所有格
4. 名词用法以及词义辨析

名词的分类
名词所有格
名词的
句法作用
名词{

专有名词（如：Tom，China， the United States, January, Monday)
可数名词{
普通名词
{
物质名词(如water,ice,wood)

抽象名词(如:happiness幸福)
个体名词(如：teacher教师)

集体名词(如：police警察)
不可数名{
专有名词：
1.表示人名 如：Jim Kate Li Lei Miss Gao
2.表示地名:如: China USA England Beijing
3.表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称，如：
Sunday Monday Tuesday January February
4.表示中外节日：
国际性节日:New Year May Day Children’s Day
Women’s Day
中国节日: Spring Festival Mid-autumn Day
National Day
西方节日: Christmas Day Easter(复活节）Father’s Day
Mother’s Day Saint Valentine’s Day(情人节)
5. 机构或一些社会团体的名称，它们往往缩写,如:
CCTV UN WTO PLA PRC UFO BBC SOS UN IT
NBA IQ EQ PE RMB VIP
１.drink---coffee, milk,tea…
2.food---rice,bread,meat…porridge, tofu,…
3.sugar,salt,pepper,butter…
4.weather---rain,snow,ice,cloud,wind…
5.cotton,silk,wool,mental,paper,wood,glass,
plastic
名词单数的表达
一般可用a，an，one来修饰
注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前
*a book
* an English book
* an hour
flower
flowers
找规律,总结规则
watch
es
factory-factories
leaf -- leaves
box
es
NOUN.
名词的复数形式
1.规则变化
(1) 一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/
* dog – dogs * book – books
(2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/
*box – boxes *watch – watches
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” /iz/
* country – countries
* factory – factories
请区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s”
* boy – boys holiday-holidays
* monkey – monkeys
(4) 以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es” /vz/
* half – halves * shelf – shelves
* knife – knives * leaf – leaves
特殊:roof---roofs
特殊:belief---beliefs
要点考点聚焦
找规律
tomatoes
potatoes
heroes
NOUN.
英雄爱吃西红柿拌土豆。
(5) 以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外

* piano – pianos * zoo – zoos
radio-radios bamboo--bamboos
child--children
woman--women
sheep
man--men
NOUN.
2.不规则变化
(1)单复数同形
Chinese – Chinese fish – fish Japanese – Japanese sheep–sheep
(2)变元音字母oo为ee
tooth – teeth foot – feet
(3).变man为 men
man – men woman – women
policeman – policemen
Frenchman – Frenchmen
请区别：German(德国人) – Germans
(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)
(4).常以复数形式出现的名词
people clothes shoes
trousers glasses
这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数

* My clothes are newer than yours.
3.可数名词可以被a, an, one, two以及 how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of, a lot of ， some等修饰
*There are a few people in the park.
*How many knives are there in your pencil-box?
1.Several _____ are talking  under the tree．And they are talking about______.
A．woman; children B．woman; child
C．women; children
2. There are three in my family.
A. people B. person C. child
3. Some ______ came to our school for a visit that day.  A. Germans B. Germen
C. Germany D. Germanies
C
A
A
4. In the picture there are many______ and two_______. 
A. sheeps; knifes B. sheeps; knife
C. sheep; knives D. sheep; knife
5. There are four_______and two_______in the group.
A. Japanese，Germen B. Japaneses，Germen
C. Japanese，German D. Japanese，Germans
D
C
★不可数名词
物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如: water，rice，fish，meat 等。
work chalk time space music
money weather homework
wood information news medicine
1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数
*Some bread is over there.
*No news is good news.
2.不可数名词不能直接被a, an, one, two等修饰，常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, some, any，plenty of 等修饰

*They had much money.
*He does little housework at home.
* a rice (X) two bread (X)
3.可数名词和不可数名词都可以用单位+of+名词表达量，但单位后面的可数名词用复数，不可数名词形式不变
*a bag of apples
*a piece of paper
*three glasses of orange
巩固练习:
(1)一茶杯茶 （2）一块冰
（3）两公斤肉 （4）五瓶橘汁
（5）半公斤鸡肉 （6）许多瓶牛奶
4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情
况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同
glass(玻璃)– a glass(玻璃杯)
work(工作) – a work(著作)

time(时间) – times(次数)
1. Please give me ______ paper. 
A. one B. a pieces C. a piece D. a piece of
2. This table is made of_______.
A. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass
3. —What can I do for you, sir?
—I'd like two_________.
A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks
C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks
4. We can do the work better with______money and
________ people.
A. less, fewer B. fewer, less
C. little, little D. few, few
D
D
C
A
主谓一致
当people, class, family, team, group, public, police 等集体名词做主语时，如果看成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个具体成员时，就用复数。
e.g The class are waiting for her.
Tom’s family _____ rather big. Tom’s family _________ film fans.
is
are
2.news, maths, politics 表示单数意义，动词用单数。
e.g The news makes her very happy.
Maths ___ not easy for him.
is
名词所有格
表示名词间的所有关系“ …的”
一.名词所有格的构成方法
1.一般情况下，在有生命的名词后加“’s”
Kangkang’s father Lucy’s book
2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“ ’”即可
Teachers’ office The Greens’ house
3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“’s”
* Children’ s Day * men’ s shoes
4.无生命名词的所有关系用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语
*the color of the wall
*a picture of the classroom
1. June 1st is ____Day. All the Children enjoy it very much.
A. Children B. Childrens’
C. Children’s D. Child

2. The two bedroom are the ____.
A. twins B. twin’s C .twins’ D. twins
C
C
双重所有格
of +’s 或of+名词性物主代词。如：
A book of my daughter’s
我女儿的一本书
我其中的一个朋友
One of my friends
A friend of mine
5.如果事物为 2人或2人以上共同所有，
在最后一个名词后加-’s;
珍妮和海伦的房间
Jenny and Helen’s room
6.如果事物不是 2人或2人共同所有，而是分别有的,则在 2个名词
后都加-’s
珍妮的房间和海伦的房间
Jenny’s and Helen’s rooms
6. Lucy is ____ sister.

A. Mary and Jack B. Mary’s and Jack’s
C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jack’s
重难点突破
D
7. 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生
命的东西，也可以加 -‘s 构成所有格
2小时路程
北京最好的公园
今日的报纸
two hours’ walk=two-hour walk
Beijing’s best park
today’s newspaper

at my uncle’s = at my uncle’s home
at a tailor’s = at a tailor’s shop
9. 表示类别的名词作定语，不用所有格
a silk hat cotton cloth

a coffee cup
8. 表示某人的家、店铺、诊所时，常省略所有格
后面的名词
two months’ vacation a mile’s distance
8. It’s ____from our school to my home.

A. ten minutes’ walk B. ten minute’s walk
C. ten minute walk D. ten minutes walk
重难点突破
A
1 广东的省会
2 教室的门
3 我父亲的一个朋友
4 他的两个兄弟
5 爱迪生的一些发明

6 他弟弟的一张照片(照片属于他弟弟)
7 他弟弟的一张照片(照片里的人是他弟弟)
the capital of Guangdong
the doors of the classroom
a friend of my father’s
two brothers of his
some inventions of Edison’s
a picture of his brother’s
a picture of his brother
名词的所有格 Practice
★名词的用法
1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数
* There are three banana trees over there.
2. man woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致
*We need a man teacher.
*They are all women workers.
3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式
*a sports star *a clothes shop
重难点突破
小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因
Our hospital needs two___doctors, Mrs. Li. You can ask your son to have a try.
A. women B. man
C.woman D. men
D
1. The model plane was made by a ____ boy.
A. ten-years-old B. ten-year-older
C. ten-year-old D. ten-year old
重难点突破
C
2 Where is Tom?
---He has gone to the _____.

A. teacher B. teachers
C. teacher’s D. teachers’
重难点突破
D
★名词所有格的几个注意点
可用名词所有格表示地点, 地点名词习惯上省略
* my aunt’s ( home） (我姑姑家）
* go to the teachers’ ( office）
(去老师办公室）
1 . Could you please get me some ________? I’m hungry.
A. apple B. water
C. bread D. egg
2. Something is wrong with my___. I can’t see anything around me.
A. nose B. ears C. eyes D. mouth
3. Mr. White has a beautiful garden with many ______ in it.
A. flowers B. grass C. villages D. water
C
C
A
4. --- How far is your cousin’s home from here?
--- It’s about two ______ drive.
A. hour’s B. hours C. hours’ D. hour
5. Yao Ming did a good job in the basketball match yesterday. He is my favorite ______
A. worker B. teacher C. dancer D. player
C
D
6.All the ______ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th，because it was their own holiday.
A．man B. men C. woman D. women
7.Ten hours____(be) not eough for us to do it.
D
is
Sum up
What have you learnt this lesson?
Thank you!