数 词
中考英语总复习
数词---就是表示事物的数量和顺序的词,分为基数词和序数词两种。
数词
基数词
序数词
表示事物的数量
表示事物的顺序
一.
基数词
0 zero 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve
基数词
20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty
50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy
80 eighty 90 ninety
(3)20-90的整十数词均以后缀-ty结尾。
表示“几十几”时, 个位和十位之间需加连词符, 如: twenty-one, thirty-two, forty-three.
万以上的数字读法特点
6, 500, 431, 729
hundred
thousand
million
billion
注意每三个数为一个单位，按照百、
十、个向下读。
6，500，431，729
seven hundred and twenty-nine
thousand
million
billion
six billion,
five hundred million,
four hundred and thirty-one thousand,
hundred
基数词+
hundred thousand million
表示具体数字
表示具体、准确的数目时, hundred, thousand, million等词后不能加-s,如: five hundred, six thousand, seven million 等。
hundredsthousandsmillions
+of
表示概数
当hundred, thousand等数词与of 连用, 表示不具体、不准确的数目时, 词尾须加-s。如: thousands of students, millions of trees.
Thousands and thousands of people have visited the city.
若表示某一个数是某些特指人或东西中的一部分, hundred等后面可跟of。
two hundred of the students这些学生其中的二百个
比较: two hundred students 二百个学生
one student, one of the students
a few后常接 hundred;many后常接hundreds of;
several后常接hundred或hundreds of。
a few hundred men几百人 many hundreds of men几百人
二.
序数词
序数词
1 = one 1st = first 2 = two 2nd = second 3 = three 3rd = third 4 = four 4th = fourth 5 = five 5th = fifth 6 = six 6th = sixth 7 = seven 7th = seventh 8 = eight 8th = eighth 9 = nine 9th = ninth 10 = ten 10th = tenth
11 = eleven 11th = eleventh 12 = twelve 12th = twelfth 13 = thirteen 13th = thirteenth 14 = fourteen 14th =fourteenth 15 = fifteen 15th = fifteenth 16 = sixteen 16th =sixteenth 17 = seventeen 17th = seventeenth 18 = eighteen 18th =eighteenth 19 = nineteen 19th =nineteenth 20 = twenty 20th = twentieth 21 = twenty-one 21st = twenty-first 22 = twenty-two 22nd = twenty-second
序数词
one two three four five six seven eight nine ten
first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty
eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twentieth
11th 12th13th14th15th16th17th18th19th20th
基数词
基数词
序数词
序数词
基变序,有规律,词尾加上th。123,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d。8去t,9去e,f来把ve替。
twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety hundred
twenty-first twenty-second twenty-third thirtieth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth
21st 22nd 23rd 30th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th
整十y 变i， th前有小e来
基数词 序数词
注: 序数词前通常要加定冠词 the。
We’ll go over it a second time.We’ve tried it three times. Must we try it a fourth time?
The Second World War broke out in 1939.
注: 序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时,则表示“再—”, “又—”。(=another)
数词的表示法
one (o’clock)
ten past two
half past three
twenty to five
a quarter past five
a quarter to seven
seven fifty
表示在几点钟用介词at
数词的表示法 — 时刻
三、年月表示法
the sixth (6th) century 公元六世纪公元十八世纪in the 1900’s 二十世纪in the 1600’s 十七世纪
1. 世纪可以用 “the+序数词+ century”表示,也可以用 “the+百位进数加’s”表示
2. 年代用 “the+基数词表示的世纪+十位整数的复数形式表示的年代”构成。
在二十世纪三十年代in the 1930s (in the nineteen thirties)在十九世纪六十年代in the 1860s (in the eighteen sixties)
“in one’s + 整十位基数词的复数形式”, 表示“在某人几十几岁的时候”。
in one’s forties在某人四十多岁时My mother is in her fifties.
① 月日,年
数词的表示法 — 年月日
on October the first, two thousand and eight
日
the + 序数词
月(首字母大写)
月日与年之间用逗号分开
年
（两位两位读）
写作on August 9(th)
写作in May, 2010
有日用 on; 无日用in
在2008年10月1日写作on October 1(st), 2008
② 月日 在8月9日
③ 月年 在2010年5月
在具体的某一天的早晨、上午、下午、晚上、夜里用介词on。
morning, afternoon, evening等词前用介词in: in the morning / afternoon / evening。但是, 当这些词前或后有定语时, in应改为on。
He was born on the night of December 25th, 1992.
He suddenly came back on a rainy night.
分数的表示法:
分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子大于1时,分母用复数(+s)。
基数词序数词
数词的表示法 — 分数
80 %
百分数(…%)基数词+percent
eighty percent
half / (百)分数 + of + 可数名词复数
谓语动词用复数half / (百)分数 + of + 不可数名词谓语动词用单数
Three fourths of the apples ____ bad.
Three fourths of the apple ____ bad.
are
is
一个半小时
two and a half hours
= two hours and a half
one and a half hours
= an hour and a half
数词的表示法——“……半”的表示法
两个半小时
一年半
两年半
two and a half years
= two years and a half
one and a half years
= a year and a half
数词的表示法 —— “一两个”的表示法
“a / an + 单名 + or two” 或 “one or two + 复名”。
Don’t worry. You’ll be all right in a day or two.I can only stay here for one or two days. I can finish the work in a week or two.
“一两个”习惯上用
注意: a / an和one不可调换。
数词的表示法 — 倍数的表达法
一倍once, 两倍twice, 三倍three times (三倍或以上用基数词＋times)
This box is five times as big as that one.
=This box is four times bigger than that one.Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(比欧洲大三倍。)
① A + be + 倍数 + as +原级(big, long, wide,…) + as +B.
A是B的 ……倍……。
表示倍数的句型
② A + be + 倍数 + 比较级(bigger, higher, longer, wider, …)+ than +B.
A比B 大(长……) ……倍。
This room is twice bigger than that one.这个房间比那个(房间)大两倍。This dictionary is four times thicker than that book.这本词典比那本书厚四倍。
表示倍数的句型
数词的表示法—计量表达法(身高年龄长宽高厚深)
four inches wide=four inches in width 4英寸宽three feet high=three feet in height 3英尺高
The city wall of Xi’an is 12 meters wide and 12 meters high． This box is 2 kilograms in weight．
1. 主语+be+基数词+单位词(meter, kilometer, foot, inch, kilogram等)+ 形容词.(形容词tall, old, long, wide, high, thick, deep等)2. 主语+ be+基数词+单位词 + in + 名词.(名词length, width, height, thickness, depth等)
Tom is a 10-year-old boy.
“基数词-名词(-形容词)”结构:
这个结构①只能放到名词前作定语; ②中间的名词只能用单数。
Tom is 10 years old.
注意: 在be动词后用作表语时,不能用连词符,名词有复数。
特殊结构
another+数词+复数名词(=数词+more+复数名词)
another或more与数词结合,意为“另, 还”, 表示在原有数量的基础上又多出的数量。(表示数量附加的用法)
another或more与数词连用规则
(注意词序变化即another和more与数字搭配的位置: another放在数字前, more放在数字后。)
基数词也可以表示顺序：
Room 207
Class One, Grade Three
Lesson One = the first lesson Page 5 = the fifth page
Bus No. 3 = the No. 3 bus
No. 1 Middle School
207房间
三年级一班
第一课第五页
3 路汽车
第一中学
名词+基数词
数词的表示法 — 编号
=the+序数词+名词
关键点提示：
1.区别基数词和序数词以及基数词的用读法。
2.年,日,时刻的表示法。
3.hundred 等数词的特殊用法。
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