高考英语：书面表达技巧
书面表达
一、学生失分的原因
1．  由于字乱而失分。
以2002年的考题为例
We took all the things we needed. For example, food, map, compass, flashlight, first-aid kit and so on.
We should go to the feath. But a river in front of the forest. So we must swimmed and put our bags on a piece of wood.
When we in the forest, we couldn’t find out the way to out of the forest. So we used the compass and the map. Finally we got out of the forest.
At the night, we arrived at the compsite. (10分)
下面这篇作文书写时字体潦草，猜一猜它得了多少分。
下面这篇作文书写时字体潦草，猜一猜它得了多少分。
Yesterday morning he and I set out the survival program. He took a bag which had a knife, clothes, matches, a map, a first-aid kit, flashlight and bread while there were a tent and a compass in my bag. After climbing up the hill, we followed the mark to a river. We used a wooden floating to carry our bags and swam across the river.
We realized the direction easily. After a long walking, we got the campsite in the evening. We held a fire and I cooked the supper while Li Ming held the tent.
2. 文章结构而失分
a/不要认为使用长句，复句就是好文章。
例文:Li Ming and I started off when the sun was rising from the east , singing happily, with our compass, camp, bread, map, light, matches, knife, clothes, flashlight and first-aid kit in our bags and looked forward to the hard training we had prepare for a long time.
We climbed a hill, then swam across a river with our bags places on a piece of wood.After that, we entered a forest, I was just wondering which was the correct way when Li Ming used the compass and showed me the way. After two hours, we finally arrived at the campsite,
where I was in charge of setting up the camp while Li Ming made a fire and cooked our dinner. Believe it or not, it was the most delicious meal I’ve ever had!
Words: 132
Sentences: 6
Words per sentence: 22
b/杂乱无章，没有逻辑性。
例如：
The narrow path led us into a forest, and very son we find ourselves surrouded by trees that soared into the sky, their thick leaves blocking almost all the sun light and thus making the day half night. We help each other’s hand and walked toward what we believed west, yet an hour later, we realized we had been circling around the same place. We lost our way.
C/ 丢失要点
二、对策
1．背诵是个好方法
2. 基本句型的训练
1/主语+谓语
2/主语+系动词+表语（adj./n）
3/主+谓+宾
4/主+谓+双宾语
5/主+谓+宾+宾补
6/There be…
3.习作指导
一、抓四个环节
1． 明确要求
2．列出要点
3．扩写成文
4．查漏补缺
二、注意两个写作技巧
1．用词造句要扬长避短
①I spent two thousand yuan on the colour TV set．
②I spent two thousand yuan in buying the colour TV set．
③The colour TV set cost me two thousand yuan．
④Two thousand yuan was spent on the colour TV set．
⑤I paid two thousand yuan for the colour TV set．
⑥I used two thousand yuan to buy the colour TV set．
2．适当使用过渡词
④Two thousand yuan was spent on the colour TV set．
⑤I paid two thousand yuan for the colour TV set．
⑥I used two thousand yuan to buy the colour TV set．
2．适当使用过渡词
为了使所写短文通顺、连贯，句子与句子之间过渡自然，适当加上一些表示并列、递进、因果、转折等关系的过渡词是很有必要的。常见的过渡词有：
递进型：besides，what's more，let alone，to say nothing of，what was worse, moreover even等；
解释型：that is（to say），in other words，or，in the same way，等；
转折型：however，but，yet，although，otherwise, instead等；
列举型：firstly…secondly…finally，first，at first，at last，next,
举例型：for example, such as, that is, like,等；
因果型：because（of），since，as，therefore，so，as a result，thanks to，thus，owing to，seeing that等；
让步型：though，although，in spite of等；
时序型：first…next…and then…finally，at the same time，meanwhile，first…then…after that…finally等；
并列型：and，or，also，as well as等；
时间型：now，just now，just then，afterwards，soon，five minutes later，before long，shortly after that，to this day，soon after supper等；
强调型：above all，indeed，surely，certainly，of course，after all，at least，at most，first of all，等；
归纳总结型：in conclusion，in a word，in the end，at last，finally，to sum up, in short, in general, generally speaking, in all, in a word等；
转换话题型：by the way，I'm afraid，in my opinion，to tell the truth，to be honest，after all，in fact等。
怎样做看图作文
一、写作技巧
1．认真阅读文字说明、参考词语和画面，确定作文体裁。
2．仔细观察画面，抓住题目中心。
3．编写提纲。
1）描写的顺序；2）段落的安排。
二、写作实例
假若下面图画中的学生就是你，根据以下六幅图画，用英语写一篇故事。
生词：calling card名片
注意：1．故事须包括所有图画的内容，可以适当增加细节，使故事连贯。2．词数100左右。
我们可以分三步来写这个故事。
第一步：确定体裁。
第二步：确定主题。
第三步：编写提纲。
这个故事的提纲为：
1）我放学回家
2）我在323路公共汽车站附近捡到一个钱包
3）我打开钱包
4）钱包里有许多钱和一张名片
5）我给失主打电话
6）我在323路公共汽车站等候失主
7）失主前来认领钱包
8）失主表示感谢
One day，on my way home after school，I found a wallet near the No．323 Bus Stop．I opened the wallet and saw lots of money and a calling card in it．From the calling card I knew the owner's name，address and telephone number．So I went to the public telephone and called the owner．Then I waited at the bus stop．Before long the owner arrived，and I gave the wallet to her．
The owner was so thankful to me that she took out a 100-yuan-note to reward me．But I politely refused it and went back home．