高考英语语法复习之
特殊句式
省略、插入语与反意疑问句
翻译下列句子，指出画线部分的表达特点
　1. Turn to me for help if_necessary.
如有必要来找我帮助。if necessary是省略表达，相当于if it is necessary。
一、省略
2. My brother is a doctor while_my_sister_a_nurse.

3. Do as_told_to.
我哥哥是医生，姐姐是护士。 while my sister a nurse是省略表达，相当于while my sister is a nurse。

按照吩咐的去做。as told to是省略表达，相当于as you are told to do it。
4. How time flies!
时间过得好快啊！How是省略表达，相当于How fast。
翻译下列句子，指出各省略表达
1. (1) He spent a quarter looking through his speech.
省略介词
他花了一刻钟浏览演讲稿。(looking through 前省略了in)
(2) I've studied English five years.
(3) The earthquake occurred last month.
(4) Try it this way!
省略介词
我已学5年英语了。(five years前省略了for)

省略介词
地震发生在上个月。(last month前省略了in)

省略介词
用这种方法试一下。(this way前省略了in)
2. (1) Child as he was, he did quite well.

(2) He was a teacher before he turned writer.
省略冠词
虽然是孩子，但他做得很不错。(child 前省略了a)

省略冠词
在成为作家前他是教师。(writer前省略了a)
3. (1)I believe you will succeed.
(2)I'll give you all I have.
(3) The way he speaks is boring.
省略that
我相信你们会成功的。(I believe后省略了that)

省略that
我要把我所有的一切都给你。(I have前省略了that)

省略that
他说话的方式很烦人。(The way后省略了that)
4. (1) Beg your pardon.

(2) Sit down, please!
省略主语
请你原谅。(Beg 前省略了主语 I)　
　 省略主语
请坐！(Sit down前省略了主语 you)
5. (1) Who next?
(2)The river is deep and the mountain high.
省略谓语
该谁了？(Who 后面省略了谓语 comes)
省略谓语
河水很深，山很高。(mountain 后面省略了 is)
5. (3) We'll do what we can.
(4) I run faster than he.
省略谓语
我们将尽力而为。(can 后面省略了动词do)

省略谓语
我比他跑得快。(he后面省略了动词runs)
6. (1)Are you ready? Yes, I am.

(2)He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth.
省略表语
你准备好了吗？ 我准备好了。(am 后面省略了 ready)
省略表语
他还是像年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。(had been 后面省略了 a lover of sports)
7. Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.

8. How he behaved!
省略宾语
让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。(wash 和 dry 后面省略了宾语the dishes)

省略宾语
让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。(wash 和 dry 后面省略了宾语the dishes)
9. (1)What exciting news!

(2) How exciting a match!
感叹句中省略主语和连系动词
What exciting news (it is)！多么令人激动的消息啊！

感叹句中省略主语和连系动词
How exciting a match (it is)！多么令人激动的比赛啊！
10. (1)If necessary, we shall send a telegram home.

(2)Whenever possible, he will come to my help.
省略it is
如有必要，我们就往家里打电报。If necessary＝If it is necessary。

省略it is
他一有可能就来帮助我。 Whenever possible＝ Whenever it is possible。
11. (1)While cycling, don't forget the traffic lights.

(2) I won't go to the party unless invited.
省略从句主语和be动词
骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。(While cycling＝While you're cycling)

省略从句主语和be动词
除非被邀请否则我不会参加晚会。(unless invited＝unless I am invited)
12. (1) What about having a game of chess?
(2) How come they left you alone here?
(3) What if it's raining?
固定词组中的省略：
下盘棋怎么样？

固定词组中的省略：
他们怎么会把你一人留在这里呢？

固定词组中的省略：
如果天下雨怎么办？
(4) Why not try again?
(5) So what?
固定词组中的省略：
为什么不再试试呢？

固定词组中的省略：
那又怎样呢？
13. (1)He may leave if he wishes to.
(2) Don't go till I tell you to.
省略了不定式符号 to后面的内容。
他可以走，如果他愿意的话。(to后省略了leave)

省略了不定式符号 to后面的内容。
等我叫你走你再走。(to后省略了go)
14. (1)No parking.

(2)Not at all.
No或not引起的省略视上下文而定省略内容。
禁止停车。( No parking后省略了 is allowed here.)


No或not引起的省略视上下文而定省略内容。
不用谢。(Not at all＝You needn't thank me at all)
15. (1)Should it rain tomorrow, we would change our plan to go on an outing.

(2)Were it not for your advice, I would be at a loss.
虚拟条件句中，如含有were，had，should, 可将if省略，将这些词语提前。
假如明天下雨，我们就改变郊游的计划。

虚拟条件句中，如含有were，had，should, 可将if省略，将这些词语提前。
要不是你的建议，我现在不知所措了。
(3)Had it not for the rain, the crops would have died.
虚拟条件句中，如含有were，had，should, 可将if省略，将这些词语提前。
要不是那场雨，庄稼已经干死了。
翻译下列句子并分析画线部分的句子成分
　1. (1)To_be_honest is the best policy.
(2)To_be_honest,_I don't like big cities like Guangzhou and Shanghai.
诚实乃上上策。To be honest：主语。
老实说，我不喜欢广州和上海这样的大城市。To be honest：插入语。
二、插入语
2. (1)It's generally accepted that fatness invites many diseases.
(2) Generally,_the faster drivers drive their cars, the more dangerous it will be.
人们普遍认为肥胖引发多种疾病。generally：状语。
一般来说，司机开车开得越快，危险性越大。Generally：插入语。
3. (1)I was once luckily the winner of the World Miss Contest and everything changed overnight.
(2)Luckily,_the accident caused no death.
我曾经有幸成为世界小姐大赛的优胜者，我的一切从此转眼改变。luckily：状语。

幸运的是，事故没造成死亡。luckily：插入语。
4. (1)What_surprised_me,_my friend went abroad alone without his family.

(2)What_surprised_me was that he should have set up 3 big companies in less than 5 years.
使我吃惊的是我的朋友抛开了家庭只身去了国外。 What surprised me: 插入语。
使我吃惊的是他竟然在不到5年的时间里开了3家大公司。What surprised me: 主语。
翻译下列句子，指出句中插入语的类型
　1. Strange, there is nobody in the classroom.
很奇怪，教室里没人。形容词Strange作插入语。
2. Luckily for you, I happen to have the key.

　3. In short, we should not stop halfway.
你很幸运，我正好带了钥匙。副词短语Luckily for you作插入语。　　

简言之，我们不能半途而废。介词短语In short作插入语。
4. Considering his age, he did very well.

　5. Given the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.
从年龄考虑，他干得挺不错。现在分词短语Considering his age作插入语。
鉴于他的健康状况，手术后康复还需要一段时间。过去分词短语Given the general state of his health作插入语。
6. To be frank, I don't quite agree with you.

　7. All in all, her condition is greatly improved.
坦率地说，我不太同意你的意见。动词不定式To be frank作插入语。

总的来说，她的情况有很大好转。代词词组All in all作插入语。
8. If I may say so, we know nothing about it.

　9. It's a great mistake, I think, not to accept their proposal.
正如我所说的，我们对它一无所知。从句If I may say so作插入语。
依我看，不接受他们的建议是个大错误。句子I think作插入语。
翻译下列句子，指出下列疑问句的类型
　1. Are you interested in Chinese calligraphy?
你喜欢中国书法吗？ 一般疑问句。
三、反意疑问句
2. Do you like sports or music?

　3. How is everything going?
你喜欢运动还是音乐？选择疑问句。

情况怎样？ 特殊疑问句。
4. Didn't you ask me to come here for a book?

　5. Why not go on a holiday to relax yourself?
你不是要我来拿一本书吗？ 修辞疑问句(反问句)。

何不去度假放松一下？修辞疑问句。
6. Nobody is perfect, are they?
没有人是十全十美的，是吗？ 反意疑问句。
完成下列反意疑问句
　1. The students and their teacher are discussing how to improve their teaching efficiency, __________？
　2. The residents didn‘t agree to the former housing plan, __________？
3. He dislikes having porridge for breakfast, __________？
aren't they
did they
doesn't he
4. I don't believe such a theory holds water, __________？
　5. Everything is ready, __________？
　6. There seem to be 5 free buses to go to the mall, __________？
does it
isn‘t it
don't there
完成下列反意疑问句
　 1. Dogs aren't friendly to cats, __________？
2. Let's have further discussion about it, __________？
　 3. Don't forget to phone me, __________？
are they
will you
shall we
4. He seldom watches TV, __________？
5. John said nobody was fit for the job, __________？
6. Nothing can stop us now, __________？
　7. Someone is waiting for you, __________？
8. There seemed to be any trouble, __________？
　9. We had to take the first train, __________？
does he
didn't he
can it
aren't they
didn't there
didn't we
10. My brother often has colds, __________？
11. I must answer the letter, ______________ ？
12. You must have studied English for many years, __________？
13. You'd like to have some tea, __________？
14. What beautiful weather, __________？
15. It is Tom and Jack who often play football, __________？
doesn't he
needn't I / mustn't I
haven't you
wouldn't you
isn't it
isn't it
16. Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear, __________？
17. Burns dislikes dancing, __________？
18. Learning how to repair motors takes him a long time, __________？
19. I wish to go home now, __________？
20. I'm interested in English, __________？
is it
doesn't he
doesn't it
may I
aren't I
21. The Turners often go to the cinema on Sunday, __________？
22. That's not important, __________？
23. Everyone is here, __________？
24. Neither of the books is interesting, __________？
25. It's impossible, __________？
26. He has a good time on Sunday, __________？
don't they
is it
aren't they
are they
isn't it
doesn't he
27. You'd better go and ask for her now, __________？
28. I need help very much, __________？
29. He must be in the classroom, __________？
30. Please try on the coat, __________ ？
31. So you are right, __________？
32. What a lovely day, __________？
hadn't you
don't I
isn't he
will you/ won't you
are you
isn't it
33. He said he was going to help me, __________？
34. We're not going to stay with our parents this summer, __________？
35. Neither you nor I am a doctor, __________？
36. You'd like to help with my work after school, __________？
37. I don't believe that he will come on time, __________？
didn't he
are we
are we
wouldn't you
will he
38. You don't know when the building will be completed, __________？
39. Tom has been reading stories, but he didn't read this afternoon, __________？
40. That China is a great socialist country is well known, __________？
41. There is little ink in my pen, __________？
42. She dislikes smoking, __________？
do you
did he
isn't it
is there
doesn't she
43. He ought to go and ask him, _______________ ？
44. He used to get up early, ________________？
45. He has to go to see the doctor, __________？
46. We must study all the subjects well, __________？
47. You must have lost the book yesterday, __________？
oughtn't he/ shouldn't he
usedn't he/ didn't he
doesn't he
needn't we
didn't you
48. The girl daren't go home alone, __________？
49. Don't forget to write a letter to me, __________？
50. I don't suppose you can finish the work in time，__________？
51. It's my son's wedding and I'll have to look my best for it, __________？
dare she
will you
can you
won't I
52. Let me help you，__________？
may I
反意疑问句主要句式总结如下：
1. there be 句型中，反意疑问部分的主语用there。
2. I'm 结构中，反意疑问部分一般用aren't I。
3. 当陈述部分为主从复合句时，反意疑问部分通常就主句提问。
4. 主句为I think/I don't think, I suppose/I don't suppose, I believe/I don't believe的复合句时，反意疑问部分就从句提问，且要注意否定的转移。
7．当陈述部分的谓语动词是带有un­，in­，dis­等否定前缀的动词，则仍然把陈述部分看作肯定句，