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必修3　
Unit 1　Festivals around the world
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要 点 梳 理 高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1．starve vi. & vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死→starvation n．饿死2．origin n．起源；由来；起因→original adj.原来的3．religion n．宗教→religious adj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的4．belief n．信任；信心；信仰5．gain vt.获得；得到6．independence n．独立；自主→independent adj.独立的；自主的
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7．gather vt. &vi.搜集；集合；聚集8．agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的→agriculture n．农业；农艺；农学9．award n．奖；奖品 vt.授予；判定10．admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕→admiration n．羡慕11．energetic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的→energy n．能量；精力12．custom n．习惯；风俗13．permission n．许可；允许→permit vt.允许n.许可证；执照
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14．apologize vi.道歉；辩白→apology n．道歉15．sadness n．悲哀；悲伤→sad adj.悲哀的；悲伤的16．obvious adj.明显的；显而易见的17．forgive vt.原谅；饶恕→forgiveness n．原谅→forgiving adj.宽恕的；宽容的
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●重点短语1．take place　发生2．in memory of 纪念3．dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰4．play a trick on 诈骗；开玩笑5．look forward to 期望；期待；盼望6．day and night 日夜7．as if/though 似乎，好像8．have fun with 玩得开心
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9．turn up 出现；到场10．keep one’s word 守信用；履行诺言11．hold one’s breath 屏息；屏气12．set off 出发；动身；使爆炸13．remind...of... 使……想起……14．be/get married to 和……结婚15．apologize to sb. for... 因……向某人道歉16．in celebration of 为了庆祝17．have belief in 对……有信仰18．be drowned in 沉溺于；埋头于
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●重点句型1．Festivals are meant to celebrate important times of year.节日就是庆祝一年中重要的日子。2．At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find,_especially during the cold winter months.在当时，如果食物难以找到，人们就会挨饿，特别是在寒冷的冬季。3．The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。4．It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave...很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开……
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●高考范文(2009·江苏卷)鼠标是计算机时代最佳的人机交互工具之一。它极大地方便了人们的计算机操作。但是，过分依赖鼠标的习惯也会带来一些不利影响。请你以鼠标为切入点，根据下表所提示的信息，用英语写一篇短文。
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注意：1．对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。2．词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。3．作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。The mouse is a most effective device used by people to communicate with a computer.______________________________________________________________________________________________
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[范文]The mouse is a most effective device used by people to communicate with a computer.For most people, it's almost impossible to operate a computer without a mouse, let alone surf the Internet. A well－chosen mouse is really handy, flexible and convenient in controlling the screen. With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit texts, browse Web pages and download what we want. It can even bring us a flood of music, movies and PC games. Just imagine, all these can be done with a cute mouse.
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A convenient tool can certainly make our work easier, but it doesn't always help in a positive way. Too much ready information on our fingertips leaves little room for knowledge pursuing. Too many ready answers make us less excited in finding the truth. Relying too much on mouse clicking makes us lazier and less creative both mentally and physically.
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考 点 探 究互动探究·能力备考Ⅰ.词汇短语过关1．trick n．诡计；恶作剧；花招；窍门 vt.哄骗，欺骗play a trick on sb.捉弄某人trick sb. into doing sth. 哄骗某人做某事trick sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物
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[即学即练1](1)John taught me ________________________ opening a bottle of wine.约翰教会了我打开酒瓶盖的窍门。(2)The children loved to ________________________ their teacher.这些孩子好跟他们的老师玩恶作剧。(3)She ______ me _________________ for her meal at the restaurant.她在饭馆里骗我替她付了饭钱。
the trick of
play tricks on
tricked
into paying
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2．gain vt. & vi. 获得；赢得；(钟表)走快　n. 利益gain by/from...从……中获益gain in 在……方面有所增加或增长
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[即学即练2](1)I have ______________________________ since I arrived.我到这里以后，结识了很多朋友。(2)He had ________________ and looked much better.他体重增加，脸色好看多了。(3)He ______ much ______ from reading.他从读书中获益良多。(4)This clock __________________ a day.这个钟每天走快两分钟。(5)No ______， no ______. 不劳无获。(6)___________ into the pit, ___________ in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。
gained a lot of friends
gained weight
gained
profit
gains two minutes
pains
gains
A fall
a gain
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3．award vt. 颁奖，授予，判定　n. 奖，奖品award sb. sth./sth. to sb. 授予某人某物be awarded for... 因……而受奖win/receive/get an award for 因……而获奖
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[即学即练3](1)They __________ John the first prize.他们授予约翰一等奖。(2)The court ________ damages of $5 000 to the injured man.法庭判给受伤者5 000美元的赔偿。(3)He won ________________________ his excellent skill.他由于他出色的技能而获奖。
awarded
awarded
the award for
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4．admire vt. 赞美；钦佩，羡慕admiration n. 赞美，钦佩admirable adj. 可饮佩的，极佳的admiring adj. 赞赏的，羡慕的admire sb. for sth. 因某事而钦佩某人have admiration for sb./sth. 羡慕/钦佩某人/物watch/gaze in admiration 赞赏地观看/凝视着
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[即学即练4](1)The school is widely _____________ its excellent teaching.这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。(2)They looked ______ silent ______________ at the painting.他们默默地欣赏着那幅画。(3)He gave her __________________________.他向她投以赞赏的一瞥。
admired for
in
admiration
an admiring look
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5．apologize v．道歉apology n．道歉apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.＝make an apology to sb. for (doing ) sth.＝say sorry to sb. for (doing) sth.＝offer sb. an apology for (doing) sth.因某事向某人道歉accept/refuse an apology 接受/拒绝道歉
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[即学即练5](1)Bill was ______________ his friend ______ having kept her waiting for a long time.比尔因让他的朋友等了好长时间正在道歉呢。(2)I __________________________ my host and left early.我向主人道过歉后提早离去。(3)Please ____________ my sincere _____________.请接受我真诚的歉意。
apologizing to
for
made my apology to
accept
apology
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6．remind vt. 提醒；使想起reminder n. 起提醒作用的人或物remind sb. of sth./doing提醒某人(做)某事remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人去做remind sb. that...提醒某人……
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[即学即练6](1)The pictures ______ me ______ my school days.这些照片使我想起学生时代。(2)I __________ him ______ he must go home before dark.我提醒他必须在天黑前回家。(3)____________ me ________________ to Mother.提醒我给母亲写信。
remind
of
reminded
that
Remind
to write
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拓展：常用于 vt.＋sb.＋of sth./doing 的动词有 inform, warn, accuse, cure, suspect 等，如：inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事cure sb. of sth. 给某人治愈某病suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事
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7．in memory of 纪念①The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.这个博物馆是为了纪念那位著名的科学家而建立的。②He wrote a long moving poem in memory of his wife.他写了一首感人的长诗来纪念他的妻子。拓展：in＋n.＋of 短语 in praise of 歌颂in honor of 纪念；为向……表示敬意in favor of 赞同　　　　　in support of 支持in charge of 负责 in search of 寻找in possession of 拥有 in need/want of需要in place of 代替 in hope of 希望
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[即学即练7]　用 in＋n.＋of 短语填空。(1)This is a book ____________________the construction workers.(2)We are all ____________________ your plan.(3)They started off at once ____________________the missing girl.(4)A great banquet was held ____________________ our distinguished guests.(5)We use chopsticks ___________________ knives and forks.
in praise of
in favor of
in search of
in honor of
in place of
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(6)A medical team rushed to the scene of the disaster where hospitals were ____________________ doctors and nurses.(7)Two minutes of silence were observed _________________ those who died in the war.(8)Shang Zhi is the chief commander who was _____________ the lauch of Shenzhou Ⅵ.
in need/want of
in memory of
in charge of
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8．dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰dress sb./oneself 给……穿衣服；打扮be/get dressed in＋(衣服或表颜色的词) 穿着……dress＋adv.(或表目的、场合的介词短语) 穿着……
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[即学即练8](1)The girls all _______________ to take part in the evening party.姑娘们全部打扮起来去参加晚会。(2)The prisoners escaped by ______________________ guards.囚犯们伪装成哨兵逃跑了。(3)We should ______ a Christmas tree ______ lights.我们应该用灯装饰圣诞树。
dressed up
dressing up as
dress
with
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9．look forward to 期望；期待；盼望[即学即练9](1)My mother said she was _______________ _______________ you.我妈妈说她正期待着与你见面。(2)I was ____________________________ his comments on this new film.我期待听到他对这部新影片的评论。
looking forward
to meeting
looking forward to hearing
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提示：look forward to 结构中的 to为介词，其后接名词或动名词。类似的动词短语还有：be/become/get used to 习惯于…… pay attention to 注意devote...to... 把……致力于…… get down to 着手做……lead to 通向，导致　　　 stick to 坚持belong to 属于 object to 反对 listen to 听prefer...to... 宁愿……也不……give one‘s life to 把生命奉献给……contribute to 为……作贡献
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10．turn up 出现；到场；开大，调高，增加速度、音量、强度或流量[即学即练10](1)Guess who ___________________ at Mary's wedding.猜猜都有谁参加了玛丽的婚礼。(2)The book you have lost will __________________ someday.你丢的那本书说不定哪一天又会找到。(3)Please ______________________________________. I want to listen to the news.请把收音机音量开大些，我想听听新闻。
turned up
turn up
turn up the radio
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拓展：turn against背叛；(情况等)对……不利turn away走开，离开；把……打发走turn back折回，往回走；翻回到turn down关小，调低；拒绝turn off关(水源、煤气、电等)；令……厌烦turn on打开；使……感兴趣turn out结果是；证明是；生产，制造；培养，造就turn to转向，变成；求救于，求助于turn in上交，欺骗turn over把……交给……；翻转
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11．hold one’s breath屏息；屏气catch one’s breath(因恐惧、震惊等)一时停止呼吸，屏息；不喘气draw/take a deep breath深呼吸take breath 歇口气in the same breath异口同声地out of breath上气不接下气lose one’s breath喘不过气来；上气不接下气
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[即学即练11]The race was so close that everyone was _____________________ at the finish.这是一场势均力敌的比赛，以至于到最后每个人都屏住了呼吸。
holding his breath
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12．keep one’s word守信用；履行诺言get in a word插话/嘴have a word with sb.与某人谈话have words with sb.与某人吵架in a/one word简言之，总之in other words(＝that is to say)换句话说leave word留言the last word最后决定；最后意见word for word一字不差地；逐字地
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【注意】keep one’s word相当于keep one’s promise，反义短语是break one’s word/promise。注意两短语中的word不可数，无复数。
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[即学即练12]　(1)She is a girl who always ________________.她是一个很讲信用的人。(2)Don’t __________________________， otherwise no one will trust you.不要失信，否则没有人会信任你。
keeps her word
break your word
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13．set off出发；动身；使爆炸[即学即练13](1)If you want to catch that train we’d better __________________________ the station immediately.你要是想赶上那班火车，咱们最好马上动身去火车站。(2)What time are you planning to ____________________ tomorrow？你打算明天几点钟起程？(3)Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could _______________________________.对这些烟火要格外小心，稍有火星就能