Unit 1
Women of achievement
基础知识自测
一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义，或英语解释写出下列单词。
1. _________ vi. & vt. give wholly or completely to
2. _____________n. 条件；状况
3. _____________ n. 福利（事业）
4. _____________ [n. 运动；战役 vi. 参加运动
5. _____________ adj. 值得做的
devote
condition
welfare
campaign
worthwhile
6. ___________ n. a society formed for a special purpose
7. ___________ n. 巢；窝
8. ___________ vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重
9. ________________ n. 款待；娱乐
10. ____________ vt. 鼓舞；感动
institute
nest
respect
entertainment
inspire
11. _________ vi. & vt. to disagree in words
12. _________ vt. & n. 支持；拥护
13. _________ vt. & vi. 打击；打动 n. 罢工
14. _________ n. 文章；论文
15. _________ n. 比率；速度
16. _________ vt. make sth. clear by speaking or writing
argue
support
strike
article
rate
explain
17. ____________ adj. 医学的
18. ____________ vt. 递送的
19. ____________ adj. 谦虚的；适度的
20. ___________________ n. the activity of expressing ideas and feelings
communication
medical
deliver
modest
二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The book is _________ (intend) for children.
2. She devoted _________ to her career, but her son devoted much time to _________ (play) computer games.
3. To help children _________ (mean) helping yourself.
4. There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired _________ a day’s work, went late at night to deliver _________ baby to a poor family who could not pay her.
5. We have decided to take no _________ (far) action.
intended
herself
playing
means
after
a
further
6. The first question was difficult, but the rest _________ pretty easy.
7. The patients in hospital were ____________ (observe) over a period of several months.
8. It was hard work and determination as well as her good nature _________ had got her into medical school.
9. Mr. Lin is a much loved and highly _________ (respect) teacher.
10. I can never repay your many ____________ (kind) to me.
were
observed
that
respected
kindnesses
三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. It was a remarkable ______________ for such a young teacher. (achieve)
2. His _____________________ towards me was becoming more and more aggressive. (behave)
3. Poor people can only afford the most basic _________ treatment. (medicine)
4. She is always polite and _____________ towards her employees. (consideration)
5. He is one of Hilary’s staunchest _______________. (support)
achievement
behaviour/behavior
medical
considerate
supporters
6. The suspect is being kept under ______________. (observe)
7. This is an _____________ and disappointing campaign. (inspire)
8. We promise to ___________ within 48 hours. (delivery)
9. Betty spoke ____________ to them. (kindness)
10. She is a ____________ in Japanese history. (special)
observation
uninspiring
deliver
kindly
specialist
四、介词填空　在下列空格处填入一个适当的介词。
1. Tom looks down _________ anyone who hasn’t had a college education.
2. Dolphins use sound to communicate _________ each other.
3. Mary cared _________ her father all through his long illness.
4. The nurses had decided to dress _________ clowns for Halloween.
5. Students worked _________ pairs on the project.
in
upon/ on
with
for
as
五、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。
1. __________________ 心中暗想；自言自语
2. ________________________ 获得博士学位
3. __________________走失；离散
4. __________________ 比……差；次于……
5. __________________ 蔑视；瞧不起
6. ________________ 女扮男装
7. _________________ 与……交流
8. _________________ 为……而战
9. _________________ 成对；成双
10. ________________ 据理力争
say to oneself
gain a doctor’s degree
wander off
second to
look down upon/on
dress as a man
in pairs
communicate with
fight for
argue for
11. deliver a baby ____________________
12. work out _________________________
13. mean (doing) sth. __________________
14. choose to do ______________________
15. set up ___________________________
16. carry on ________________________
17. be determined to do _____________________
18. inspire sb. to (do) sth. _____________________
19. rather than _____________________________
20. care for ________________________________
继续进行
接生
算出
意味着（做）某事
宁愿；偏要
建立
下决心去做
激励某人去做某事
而不是
照顾
六、词组运用
翻译填空 根据汉语意思，从上述短语中选一个恰当的词组完成句子。
1. 那孩子走散后迷路了。
The child _______________ and got lost.
2. 新协议意味着要人接受更低的工资。
The new agreement __________________ lower wages.
3. 我决心解开这个秘密。
I ________________________ this mystery.
4. 朱莉亚的舞技不亚于任何人。
As a dancer, Julia is ________________ none.
5. 去年我的父母决意在美国定居。
My parents __________________ in America last year.
wandered off
means accepting
am determined to solve
second to
chose to settle
6. 昨晚这个小孩由一名经验丰富的医生接生。
The baby __________________ a skilled doctor last night.
7. 我们用互动表演来激励孩子们快乐地阅读。
We use interactive displays to ________________________ for pleasure.
8. 昨天工人们据理力争罢工权利。
Yesterday the workers __________ the right to strike.
9. 我不停地对自己说我不应该做这事。
I keep __________________ that I shouldn’t do it.
10. 你干吗非得自己干，而不请人帮忙？
Why didn’t you ask for help, _______________ trying to do it on your own?
was delivered by
inspire children to read
argued for
saying to myself
rather than
Language points for Reading I
Language points for Reading II
Language Data Bank
1. behave
behaved badly
Language points for Reading I
（1）vi. to act; bear oneself 行为；举止
她表现出了很大的勇气.
She behaved with great courage.
他对顾客的态度不好.
He __________________to the customers.
(2)vt. &vi. to bear (oneself) in a socially accepted or polite way 举止适当或有礼
你应该学会举止得体
You should ____________________.
learn to behave.
(3) vi. (of things) to act in a particular way（指事物）有某种作用
我的摄像机自从修好后一直很正常。
My camera_________________________
since it was repaired.
has been behaving well
2. v-ing form
百闻不如一见。
Seeing is believing.
他喜欢在余暇听音乐。
He ___________________________
in his spare time.
enjoys listening to music
他现在正在游泳池里练习游泳
He_______________________
in the swimming pool now.
is practising swimming
3. worthwhile (可作定语和表语)
a worthwhile experiment/job.
The experiment is worthwhile.
It is worthwhile to do sth/ doing
It is worthwhile to do the job.
doing the job.
Cf. worth prep/n
be worth (doing) sth
The book is __________________.
well worth reading.
= It is worthwhile to read the book.
4. spend
你暑假怎么打发?
How will_______________________________?
you spend your summer holiday
他把钱都花光了。
He has spent all his money.
spend sth (on sth)/ (in) doing sth
用（钱）；花（钱）
他将全部积蓄花在一辆新车上。
He spent all his savings on a new car.
spend

pay
cost
take
花费
Sb spend … on sth
in (doing) sth
Sb pay some money for sth
Sth cost sb some money
It takes sb … to do sth
He _______about a third of his salary in drinking.
She _______ 3000 dollars for the dress.
The DVD _______ her 150 yuan.
It _______ him ten days to finished the work.
spent
paid
cost
took
5. observe
(1)vi.&vt. to notice/ watch carefully 观察注意到。 observe + n./pron./
sb. doing/do sth
that-cl
这位科学家一生都在观察星星。
The scientist has observed the stars all his life.
我看到一个陌生人进了、正在进办公室。
I observed a stranger go/going into the office.
我注意到班上有几个学生睡着了。
I observed that several students
were asleep in class.
(2) vt. to obey; to act in accordance with 遵守，顺从

我们必须遵守交通规则。
We must __________________________
observe the traffic rules.
(3) vt. to hold or celebrate 举行（仪式等），
庆祝（节日等）
你们国家的人庆祝圣诞节吗？
Do you _______________________in your country?
observe Christmas Day
6.”Only+状语“+部分倒装
只有这样，我们才能学好英语。
Only in this way_________________________.
到那时我才意识到我的错误。
Only then________________________.
did we realize my mistakes
can we learn English better
但Only+主语时不倒装
只有你了解我。
Only you_______________
understand me.
7. 现在完成进行时 have/ has been doing
表示过去某一时刻开始的动作或状态一直持续到现在，甚至到将来，强调进行的过程或表示到现在为止的一段时间内一再反复进行的动作或存在的状态。
He has been lying in bed for two weeks.
他已经卧床两周了。（现在还躺着）
他累了。 一天来他一直在学习。（现在还在学习)
He is tired. He has been studying all day.

这些天他不断地给我们的杂志写文章。
All these days ______________________
to our magazine.
he has been writing articles
几个月以来，汤姆每天晚间都给艾丽斯打电话。
Tom _________________________________
for several months.
has been phoning Alice every night
8.argue (vi.) +with sb. about/over sth.
同某人辩论某事

他们正在和同学争论这个问题的解决方法。
They are arguing with their class mates about the solution to the problem.
他们正在争执战争是否正当。
They are arguing with each other about the justice of the war.
argue (vt.) +n./clause(从句)/sb. to be…
我们据理力争我们应该得到更高的薪水。
We argued that we should be paid more.
他花钱的方式说明他很富有。
The way he spends money argues him to be
rich.
argue for/against 为、为反对……而辩论
工人们为争取罢工的权力而辩论。
The workers argued for the right to strike.
一些人为反对自由贸易辩论。
Some people argue against free trade.
9. Support 1) 支持 2）承受 3） 供养

我不知道美国人是否拥护新成立的政党。
I wonder if the Americans support the new political party.

我认为支持本地企业是很重要的。
I think it’s important to support local businesses.

那张长椅承受不了4个人。
That bench won’t support four people.
1. research n./ v. (in , into, on )
They are doing some research into/ on the effects
of brain damage.
Will they publish the results of their research/
researches?
他们将会发表己自的研究成果吗？
Language points for Reading II
research 这个明词可以跟a和可用复数researches连用，但不可与many连用.
I’m researching in Chinese history.
They are doing research on the affects of cigarette smoking.
do some research ( on / for)
2. catch sb’s eye
When I entered his new house,
a beautiful picture caught my eye.
3. intend vt
1). What do you intend to do /doing next?
2).He intends no harm.
3). Our dictionary is intended for the students.
4.must/ may/ might/+ have +p.p
can/can’t/ couldn’t + have + p.p
1). They must have spent years and years building the Great Wall.
2)The man you saw last night couldn’t /can’t have been Tom.
5.devote v
devote oneself / sth. to sb / sth.
他一生促进世界和平的发展。
He devoted his life to promoting/ the promotion of the world peace.
刘胡兰把生命奉献给了祖国。
Liu Hulan devoted her life to our country.
他所有的余闲都花在学英语上。
He devotes all his spare time to learning English.
Useful structure
agreement
The boy _____ diving.
They _____ diving.
Both Jack and Tim _____ diving.
All of