书面表达
之
说明文
Is It the Only Way Out To Go To College ?
　　 We had a discussion about whether it is the only way out for senior students to go to college．Views vary from person to person.
The majority of us consider it very necessary to go to college．They think it can widen their knowledge and improve their qualities．Only in this way can they find better jobs after graduation．Very few students, that is about ten percent of the students think it no use going university, because the tuition is too high for their family to afford．What’s more, it’s rather hard for college graduates to seek satisfactory jobs．Thirty percent of the students, however, believe “All roads lead to Rome．” Therefore it doesn’t make any difference whether they go to college or not．
　　 In my opinion, we can receive a better education at college so that we can serve our motherland．
My magic pen
I have been thinking about inventing a magic pen for many years.
Every time when I see my classmates doing their home work with frustration and tiredness, how I want to give their some help and bring some relaxation to them; every time when I notice my teacher writing on the blackboard with great efforts and wiping his handwriting off the blackboard with a dusty hand, how eager I am to offer him some help and make him enjoy the happiness of teaching without dust.
After many errors and trials, today, I at last make it. I add some new functions to my usual pen.
Pressing the blue button, the users can enjoy some relaxation after a tiring and boring writing by listening to some beautiful songs, soft music, funny stories and radio programs for one or two minutes through a special earphone. Switching on the “T” button, which is intended for teachers, users can write smoothly on the blackboard at the same place time and time again, as the handwriting will be cleared up automatically when users write at the same place for a second time.
I feel happy with my magic pen but I cannot enjoy the magic smiles on my classmates and teachers` faces too much!
调查报告
调查报告属于说明文，一般是引出调查的时间、对象和主题，接着讲述调查的结果，然后分析其中的原因，提出作者的希望等。
注意审题， 转换图表。
撰写调查报告时， 通常需要结合图表， 观察、对比调查数据， 并把调查结果和数据转换为文字表达， 并按写作内容给出的要点按顺序进行写作。
2. 确定时态， 规范全文。
引出报告结果或数据时，发表议论和个人观点， 常用一般现在时。若出现具体时间状语， 如last year, next year, recently 等时， 应根据时间使用适当时态。
3. 变换表达， 丰富语汇。
分析信息或数据后找出不同点和相似点，常采用三段式方式。
1）. 第一段：开门见山，概述图表反映主题。
常用的句型有：
As is shown in the graph ...
As is shown in the table ...
It can be seen from the table that ...
It can be concluded from the graph that ...
Compared with ...
According to the survey, about ...
2. 第二段：分析数据中的主要差异及趋势，可通过分类或对比来表现主题，并阐明必要的理由。
切忌反复使用同一句型或反复出现图表中的数据，否则文章会显得毫无生气。要注意改换叙述的方式，使用不同的词语及句式。
转折，对比及比较的词汇：
while, but, on the contrary, however, compare with, in contrast to, the same as, be similar to, differences between, among, more than, less than
趋势变化的词汇：
increase, rise, go up, reduce, go down, fall, reach, remain, by/ to, slowly, slightly, gradually, rapidly, the number of, from…to, 比较级，倍数等。
常用句型：Facts:
There was a great /slight increase in…
There has been a sudden/slow/rapid fall in…
It is 20% lower/higher than…
The number /rate has nearly doubled, as
against that of last year.
The number is …times as much as that of….
It increases/rises/decreases/reduces by…
By comparison with…, it decreased/
increased/ fell from…to…
常用句型： Reasons：
The reason for…is that…
One may think of the change as a result of…
The change in… largely results from the fact that…
There are several causes for this significant
growth in… First,… Second,…
3. 第三段：展望未来或提出办法或建议。
常用的短语及句式：
in a word; in short; generally speaking
It’s clear from the ...that ...
Based on the description above, we can draw the conclusion that ...
In summary, it is important…
From what has been discussed above, we can
draw the conclusion that…
Obviously, if we want to…,it is necessary…
There is no doubt that attention must be paid…
I recently surveyed my classmates about their views on the new English textbook. According to the survey, 80% of the students were quite satisfied with it, while 15%disliked it and 5% had no opinion.
Students who liked it said the pictures with the texts were very attractive, which greatly aroused their interests in learning.
Moreover, the book was very interesting, covering many hot topics and providing lots of cultural knowledge of the world. However, students who disliked it complained there were too many new words and difficult sentences，making the texts difficult to understand.
In conclusion, the new English textbook has helped most students improve their English enormously.
As is apparently shown in the chart above, many middle school students have problems both physically and mentally, with 70% of the students having learning anxiety as well as poor eye-sight, and a large percentage lacking sleep. Coming next is the lack of physical exercise. 40% of the students surveyed won’t obey their parents or teachers. In addition, still fewer claim not to have enough communication with others .
As far as I am concerned, we students should balance our physical exercise and studies. Just as a saying goes: “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy”, without a sound body, one cannot achieve anything. However, too much attention has been paid only to studies.
Therefore, I suggest we be given less homework and more time for out-of-classroom activities to solve all the problems. Only in this way can we lead a happy and healthy life.
4. 相关短语。
make a survey 作了一次调查
as for how to至于怎样
update the website更新网站
50% of the girls 50%的女生
next in line...接下来， 位居第二
compared with...同……比起来
5. 相关句式。
1) Last week, we did a survey among 2, 600 students on “Who Is Your Idol”．
2) Recently our League Committee has carried out a survey, whose results are as follows.
3) According to the survey, about half of the students will go to their classmates or friends when in trouble.
4) Different persons may have different choices on how to spend pocket money.
5) A recent survey suggests that students are different from each other in learning styles.
6) As is shown in the survey, drunk driving may result in serious accidents.
1. 上个月，我们公司以35岁以下的人群作为调查对象， 选取了1000人进行了关于“网上购物”的一项调查， 调查情况如下：
范例分析
【写作内容】
根据以上数据，写一篇调查报告， 内容包括：
1. 调查时间、调查问题以及调查对象；
2. 愿意网上购物的人占调查人数的百分
比；
3. 人们愿意在网上购物的主要原因；
4. 人们不愿意在网上购物的主要原因；
5. 本次调查的结论。
Last month, our company carried out a survey about shopping on line among 1000 interviewees younger than 35 years old.
64% of those interviewed are willing to shop on line, mainly because they think the Internet makes it convenient for them to buy what they need although they are staying at home. Besides, they believe that goods on line are cheaper, with a variety of brands to choose from. The rest of the interviewees don’t want to shop on line,
【参考范文】
claiming that goods on sale on the Internet might be fake and that they are worried about being cheated out of money.
In conclusion, only by guarding against the disadvantages of on­line shopping will more and more people choose the shop on line.

As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/
percentage in the table (graph/pie chart), 题目议题 has been on rise (goes up/increases/drops/decreases). 具体数据. Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that 结论．
There are at least two reasons why this happened. On the one hand, 原因一 . On the other hand, 原因二. In addition, 原因三 is also responsible for it.
It is high time that we 倡议. We should 解决问题的方法.
数据变化型
说明原因型
Nowadays, there are more and more _____ in some big cities. It is estimated that _____（具体数据说明……现象）. Why have there been so many XX? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.
The first one is that ____ (原因一). Besides, ____(二). The third reason is ____ (三).
写作模板
To sum up, the main cause of XX is due to _____ (主要原因). It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing, _____ (建议一). On the other hand, ____ (二). All theses measures will certainly reduce the number of ____.
现象解释型
   Today, it is widely acknowledged that 相关观点.Therefore, 提出现象. However, as for this 
phenomenon, opinions vary from person to person. 
 Some 人群 insist that 支持观点. However, many other 涉及人群 do not agree. They say 反对观点.  From my perspective, 自己的观点. On the one
hand, 观点一方面，but on the other hand, 观点另一方面.
What’s more, 最终结论.
问题解决型
  As is known to all, 导入命题. However, it is quite worrying that 提出问题. 
 Therefore, 相关各方 should be greatly 
responsible for 问题内容. Firstly, 解决方法1. Secondly, 解决方法2. Thirdly, 解决办法3. 
But 相关方面. alone cannot ensure the final 
success in 问题内容. Students should also take an
active part in 怎么做1. They/ We should 做2.
必备词句
1. 描述现象。
With the development of society, heavy traffic has aroused great concern. Some people think..., while the others think...
随着网络的发展，网络广告已经引起了广泛的关注。一些人认为，……；而其他人认为，……
2. 说明原因。
There are many reasons involved. Among them, the increase of private cars plays an important role.
这涉及到许多原因。其中，私家车的猛增是主要原因。
3. 解决办法。
The first measure is to limit the number of private cars running on the street every day. Immediate after that, we should...Only in this way can we solve the problem.
第一个重要措施是限制每天在路上的私家车的数量。之后，我们应当……只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。
【解读】
调查报告整个结构为：时间、对象和主题—调查结果—作者观点。用while从句表达对比；运用非限制性定语从句；运用过渡词moreover和分词作状语；运用了转折词作为过渡和运用了定语从句和分词结构。运用恰当的过渡词作总结。
考生写作时必须排除不必要的信息干扰，因写作内容中并没有要求写“不愿意网上购物的人所占百分比为32%”这一信息点，所以不必把表格内容全部翻译。此外，写作时尽量使用与写作内容相对应的英语翻译，使文章表达更切题。
【范文解析】
例如， 写作内容中出现“主要原因”和“结论”这些重要的写作线索， 考生应该尽量使用与之相应的语句进行翻译， 如“...for the main reason that...; ...mainly because; In conclusion; Finally, we arrive at the conclusion that...”， 使阅卷老师对写作信息一目了然，以获取高分。
2. 项目描述属于说明文的范畴，一般是用简明的语言对某个事物、某项活动、某个产品或者某种风俗习惯进行描写，从而给读者提供知识的一种文体。
The Mid­autumn Festival, which is one of the most important traditional festivals in China, falls on August 15th of the Lunar calendar every year. Not o