UNIT4
language复习
1:according to:据某人所述，根据，按照
根据天气预报，明天将要下雨。
According to the weather forcast, it will rain next week.
2:in all directions=in every direction
朝四面 八方
e.g.：the enemies run away in all directions.
a sense of direction:方向感
under the direction of sb=under one’s direction
3. The earth became so violent that it was
not clear whether the shape would last or not.
1) violent 猛烈的, 激烈的
2) whether 可以引导主语从句、表语从句、
宾语从句和同位语从句; 而if只能引导宾语从句。
引导宾语从句既可以用whether, 也可以用if。
Could you tell us whether / if it snows in
winter in Australia?
4. They were in time to produce …
in time 及时; 终于
She will be back in time to prepare dinner.
The doctor came in time to save her life .
医生及时赶来救了她的命。
Mary usually gets home in time to bath the
children.
玛莉通常及时到家给孩子们洗澡。
注意: in time 还有“过些时候; 最后”之意。
You’ll get used to it in time.
过些时候你会习惯它的。
Don’t worry. I’m sure things will get better in time.
别着急, 我肯定过些时候事情会好转的。
on
one
ahead
take
at times
in no time
5. atmosphere n. 大气层; 气氛
An atmosphere of tension filed the room.
屋子里笼罩着紧张的气氛。
The atmosphere over dinner was warm and
friendly.
用餐时洋溢着热情友好的气氛。
注意: 指“大气层”时, 常用 the atmosphere;
指 “气氛”时, 常使用单数形式。
6. ….as the earth cooled down, water
began to appear on its surface.
随着地球的冷却, 地球的表面就开始出现了水。
1) cool down 变凉, 冷却
2) appear “出现,似乎”是vi, 当表示
“似乎，好像”时是系动词, 该词无被动语态。
Our teacher appeared on TV this morning.
7. lay(-laid-laid-laying): 放, 把……放在……；产卵
e.g.: He laid his books on the desk.
注意: lie (lay; lain; lying) 躺；位于
lie (lied; lied; lying) 说谎
The naughty boy ____ to me that the hen that
____ there just now had ____ two eggs the day
before.
A. laid; laid; laid B. laid; lay; lain
C. lied; laid; lain D. lied; lay; laid
D
down
one’s life
out
laid off
laid some money aside
B
8. give birth to
1) 生(孩子)
She’s just given birth to a healthy baby girl.
她刚刚生了个健康的女婴。
2) 产生
The extraordinary experience gave birth
to his latest novel.
这段奇特的经历促成了他的最新的一部
小说的诞生。
9. They are putting too much carbon dioxide
into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from
escaping from the earth into space.
他们把太多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中, 这就
使得热量不能从地球上散发到太空中去。
prevent sth. / sb. (from) doing sth.
制止(防止)某人(某物)做某事
The rules are intended to prevent accidents.
What can we do to prevent this accident (from)
happening?
keep sb. from doing sth.
prevent sb.( from) doing sth.（阻止某人做某事）
stop sb (from) doing sth

但如在被动语态中, 他们中的from都不可省。
I tried to keep him from waiting for her.
我试图叫他不要再等她了。
I tried to keep him waiting for her.
我试图让他等她。
10:对。。。。有害
do harm to…..
do…..harm
be harmful to …..
Smoking is harmful to our health.
11. …the earth may become too hot to live on.
地球可能会因此变得太热而不适合生物的生存。
有关too的一些用法。
1) too作 “太” 讲。 (too…..to….:太而不能）
There is too much water. 水太多了。
This shirt is too large for me.
这衬衫我穿起来太大。
The problem is rather too hard for me.
这个问题对我来说太难了。
2) “cannot／can never...too”, 表示“无论怎样
……也不会过分”。
You cannot praise him too highly.
你无论怎样表扬他也不过分。
We cannot be too careful in doing experiments.
我们做实验无论怎样小心也不过分。
You can never be too careful of your health.
你越注意健康越好。
12:multiply : vt乘以，使增加，使繁殖
multiply A by/and B : A乘以B

E.g.：Three multiplies three is six.
13:turn(做名词时）
in one’s turn:轮到某人，接着
In turn:依次，轮流，转而，反过来
By turns：轮流，依次
Take turns to do sth: 轮流做某事
It is one’ turn to do sth: 轮到某人做某事了
We did the work by turns.
It’s your turn to be on duty.
We took turns to clean the classroon.
14. …whether life will continue on the earth
for millions of years to come will depend
on whether this problem can be solved.
在未来的千百万年中, 生命能否在地球上
延续将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。
depend vi. 相信，信赖；依靠，依赖 (尤指
钱)； 视……而定。
You can depend on John — he is always
on time.
你可以相信约翰, 他总是很准时。
相关短语：
believe sb. 相信某人 (所说的话)
believe in sb. 信任/信赖某人
trust (in) sb. 相信/信任/信赖某人
depend on sb
count on sb.
rely on sb
信任 / 相信 / 依赖 / 依靠某人
Tell him what you want to say; he’s a man
to _____.
A. count B. believe
C. trust D. depend
解析: 相信/信赖某人: count on sb./
believe in sb./depend on sb./trust (in) sb.
C
puzzling
puzzled
puzzlement
in
15
puzzling about/over
puzzled
puzzle
puzzlement
puzzling
puzzled, puzzle, puzzlement, puzzling
B
16
three times as many
as
over
on
on
17
watch out for
Now that
prevent
from
in time
watch over
at a time
what
it was ten years ago.
Now that everyone is here，let’s begin
our class.
Since you have come，why not just stay?
The production now is three times
D
A
D
A
massive
of
masses
mass
in the mass
The mass of