必修三
Unit 4 Astronomy:
the science of the stars
基础知识自测
一、单词拼写 根据读音、性和词义写出下列单词。
1.___________ n. 天文学家
2.___________ n. 大气层
3.___________ adj. 猛烈的
4.___________ vt.&vi. 使爆发
5.___________ n. 系统
6.___________ adj. 有害的
7.____________ n. 发展
8.__________ adj. 全球性的
9.___________ vi. 依靠
10.__________ vi. 存在
exist
astronomer
atmosphere
violent
explode
system
harmful
development
global
depend
11._____________ n. 出席
12._____________ adj. 失望的
13._____________ adv. 逐渐地
14._____________ n. 重力
15._____________ vt. 减少
16._____________ n. 质量
17._____________ vt.&vi. 使高兴
18._____________ n. 方法
19._____________ adv. 一般地
20._____________ vt. 耗尽
presence
disappointed
gradually
gravity
lessen
mass
cheer
method
generally
exhaust
二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个适当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. As a young man he didn’t know he was ________ world fame later on. (win)
2. Most parents don’t allow their children __________ because it does harm to health. (smoke )
3. he sent me a gift made me happy .
4. he sent me made me happy .
5. It is a surprise Pluto is no longer considered a planet in our solar system.
to win
to smoke
That
What
that
6. A great dust cloud formed in the sky out the sunlight. ( block)
7. The universe began a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.
8. As for me, you can pass the exam _____________on whether you will work harder than before .
9. Zhang Ming as well as I the members of the foot team .both of us are of playing football.
10. The rain prevent us from out for picnic this afternoon.
blocking
with
will depend
whether
is
playing
三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. She him with her belief and her competence. (energy)
2. With the of the society. We live a better life than before .(develop)
3. Smoking is no doubt to your health. (harm)
4. we are going to hold a party on Saturday evening. we shall be very glad to have your .(present)
5. Though he is an orphan,　he leads a happy . (exist)
energized
development
harmful
presentation
existence
6. Women and kids are often hurt in family .
(violent)
7. Although they are twins, they are very ____________
(like).
8. The news ______________us. When we heard the ____________news, we felt ______________. (disappoint)
9.　Though he failed in the exam, the teacher’s words were a great ________________ to him. (encourage)
10. Do you know the __________who is talking to Li Mei, who studied in our school. (physics)0
violence
unlike
disappointed
disappointed
disappointing
encouragement
physicist
四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。
1. 既然_________________
2. 冷却_________________
3. 依靠_________________
4. 欢呼_________________
5. 灭绝_________________
6. 爆发_________________
7. 轮流_________________
8. 及时_________________
in time
now that
cool down
depend on
cheer up
die out
break out
in one’s turn
9. as a result of_________________
10. get the hang of_________________
11. prevent …from…_________________
12. block out _________________
13. in all directions_________________
14. give birth to_________________
15. sooner or later_________________
16. fall over_________________
摔倒
结果
掌握；熟悉
阻止；制止
挡住
各方向
产生；分娩
迟早
五、词组运用
词组填空 根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空。
1. He got to school ____________ though it rained heavily.
2. He was unable to go to work ________ a result ________ his fall from the horse.
3._______________ you are a student, you should study hard as the parents and teachers wish.
Now that
in time
as
of
翻译填空 根据汉语意思，从上述短语中选一个适当的词组完成句子。
4. 她想存点钱买房，因此不想那么早生小孩 。
She wants to save some money for apartment. So she has no plan to 　　 to a child so soon.
5. 你能解释他们为什么吵起来了？你知道他们俩原是好朋友呀。
Can you explain the reason why the quarrel ________ between them .You should know they were close friends.
6. 如果人类不注意保护环境，很多物种就会灭绝。
If Man don't pay attention to protect the environment .Most species will ______________
give birth
broke out
die out
句子翻译 从上述短语中选择适当的短语翻译下列句子。
7. 那男孩摔到了，摔破了头。
_________________________________________
8. 掌握学习方法对每个学生都重要。
______________________________________________
____________________________________________
9. 我是否去旅游要视天气而定。
_________________________________________
10. 从各方而来的人们欢歌起舞。
_________________________________________
People in all directions got together, sing and dancing.
The boy fell over, striking his head.
Getting a hang of the way to study is important to
every student.
Whether I will go to travel will depend on the weather.
六、语法填空 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
China has a fast-growing space program. A
[1] ____________（success） Moon mission would be the third major event in the history [2] ________ China's space program, after the launch of their first orbiting satellite in November 1999 and first manned mission, [3] ________Yang Liwei orbited(运行) Earth fourteen times on the Shenzhou V on October 15, 2003.
Successful
of
when
The Chang'e program, named after a lovely girl in a Chinese story who [4] _______ (take) a magic potion（药）and flied to the Moon, will be a three-part series of missions [5] _______ will finish in about 2020. In addition to the orbiter Chang'e 1, the Chinese space agency is planning a mission to land a rover on the Moon, [6] _______ (hope) to collect material that will be returned to Earth. [7] _______ (final), these missions may lead to manned expeditions to the Moon -- or to the possible [8] ____________ (develop )of a permanent(永久的), manned Moon base.
takes
that
hoping
Finally
development
[9] _______ entire mission series should last about thirteen years, for a total cost of about 14 billion Chinese Renminbi (equal to 1.73 billion U.S. dollars). In addition, China may cooperate with Russia in its Moon exploration program [10] _______ is tentatively planning on signing a ten-year cooperation agreement in 2007.
The
and
七、基础写作 用括号中所给词翻译下列句子，然后将这些句子联成一篇5句话的连贯的短文。
1. 神州六号的成功发射使李华很振奋,他决心更努力地学习，希望将来亲自到上太空。（cheer up；make up one’s mind）
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
2. 李华担心发生意外，因为强大的吸引力会阻止一般物体远离地球。(prevent...from)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
3. 李华一直想掌握天文学方面的知识。(get the hang of)
___________________________________________________________________
Knowing that the launching was very successful, he
was cheered up and he made up his mind to study
harder, hoping to go to space himself in the future.
Since the strong gravity will prevent ordinary objects
from leaving the earth, he was afraid of something
wrong would happen to it.
Lihua has been trying to get the hang of the
knowledge of astronomy.
4. 李华不想只依靠老师从课本中学习理论知识。(depend on)
____________________________________________________________________
5. 有机会通过电视看到神州六号的发射，李华很激动。 (have a chance to)
___________________________________________________________
He Studies very hard at school but he doesn’t want to
depend on his teachers to learn from the textbook only.
When he got the news that he had a chance to watch the
launching of Shenzhou-Ⅵ on TV, he became very excited.
Lihua has been trying to get the hang of the knowledge of astronomy. He Studies very hard at school but he doesn’t want to depend on his teachers to learn from the textbook only. When he got the news that he had a chance to watch the launching of Shenzhou-Ⅵ on TV, he became very excited. Since the strong gravity will prevent ordinary objects from leaving the earth, he was afraid of something wrong would happen to it. Knowing that the launching was very successful, he was cheered up and he made up his mind to study harder, hoping to go to space himself in the future.
重要考点突破
1. spread (spread, spread) v.伸展, 展开, 铺, 涂, 敷, 摆, 传播, 散布
◇Who spread these rumours? 谁散布的这些谣言？
◇She spread a cloth on the table. 她在桌上铺桌布。
■运用：用spread翻译下列句子。
(1)消息传得很广。___________________________________________
(2)鸟展开翅膀。____________________________________________
(3)这种病正在迅速蔓延。_____________________________________________
The disease is spreading fast.
The news spread abroad.
The bird spread its wings.
2. disappoint vt. 使失望
※拓展：写出disappoint的适当形式。
(1)_________________ adj. 令人失望的
(2) _________________adj. 感到失望的
(3) _________________n. 失望
◆搭配：翻译下面搭配。
(1)be deeply disappointed ______________
(2)a disappointing result ______________
(3)be disappointed at/about /in/ with…
 __________________________________
(4)be disappointed to hear…______________
(5)be disappointed that- clause ______________
disappointing
disappointed
disappointment
深感失望
令人失望的结果
因听到 ……而感到失望
对……失望
对某事感到失望
(6)to one’s disappointment ______________
(7)in great disappointment ______________
(8)be a disappointment to sb. ______________
(9)get over one’s disappointment ______________
■运用：用disappoint的适当形式填空。
(1)Tom was very ___________ at the __________ result.
(2) But Henry proved a ________________.
(3) President James A. Garfield was shot by a
____________ office seeker on July2, 1881.
(4)My parents will be ____________ with me if I fail to get the master degree.
disappointed
让某人失望的是
非常失望地
(对某人来说)是个失望
克服失望情绪
disappointed
disappointing
disappointment
disappointed
3. force n.力量，暴力 [复]军队vt.强制，强迫
◇The moral force is on our side.道义的力量在我们一边。
◇The policemen forced the criminals to give up their arms.警察迫使罪犯放下武器。
◆搭配：熟记下列词组或句式搭配。
force sb. to do sth./force sb.into (doing) sth.强迫某人做某事
force one’s way into the house强行闯入这座房子
force on