Book 5
Unit 1 Great scientists
基础落实
Ⅰ.高频单词思忆
1.The enemy was (打败) in a decisive
battle.
2.The baby was left (暴露) to the
sun.
3.This illness can’t be (治愈) easily.
4.Clever children (吸收) knowledge
quickly.
defeated
exposed
cured
absorb
5.The drought is becoming increasingly
(严重的).
6.Who invented the steam (发动机)?
7.Kindness is one of his
(特征).
8.It took the jury some time to reach the
c that she was guilty.
9.Which driver was to b for the
accident?
10.We c 5,000 yuan to the
earthquake fund.
severe
engine
characteristics
onclusion
lame
ontributed
Ⅱ.重点短语再现
1. 提出
2. 得出结论
3. 使暴露于……中
4. 结束
5. 除……之外；此外
6. 导致，造成（后果）
7. 调查
8. 也；另外
9. 有意义；讲得通
10. 将……和……连接起来
put forward
draw a conclusion
expose...to...
come to an end
apart from
lead to
look into
in addition
make sense
link...to...
Ⅲ.典型句式运用
1.Do you know how to prove a new idea in
scientific research?你知道如何用科学的研究
方式来证明一个新观点吗？
有些及物动词像know,ask,tell,
consider,decide,explain等，后面可以跟
“ ”结构作 ，这类疑问词有
how,what,when,where,whether等。
这种“疑问词+不定式”结构除了作宾语外，在句
中还可以作 、表语、状语等。
考点提炼
疑问词+不定式
宾语
主语
2.With this extra evidence John Snow was able
to announce with certainty that polluted
water carried the virus.有了这个证据，约
翰·斯诺就肯定地宣布，这种污染了的水携带着
病菌。
was/were able to do意为“
”，相当于managed to do或
succeeded in doing。此时不可用could替换，因
为could通常表示“曾经具备某种能力，过去能做
（而现在不能了）”。
考点提炼
成功地做
了某事，做成了某事
3.To prevent this from happening again,John
Snow suggested that the source of all the
water supplies be examined.为了防止这种情况
的再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议，所有水源都要经
过检测。
suggest (to sb.) that...意为
“ ”，此时that从句中的谓
语动词要用 形式， 以省略。
考点提炼
（向某人）建议……
should+v.
should
4.He knew that cholera would never be
controlled until its cause was found.他知
道，在找到病源之前，霍乱是无法控制的。
never...until...其中until=till意
为“ ”。
句中谓语动词应为 动词；若为 动
词，则应用肯定形式。
注意 not until/never until放在句首时，句子
应采用倒装结构。 not until的强调结构为：It
is/was not until+被强调部分+that/who...。
考点提炼
直到……为止
终止性
延续性
导练互动
重点单词
1.conclude
Draw a ... (回归课本P1)
观察思考
He concluded from their remarks that they
were not in favour of the plan.
他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。
The play concluded with a happy ending.
这出戏以大团圆结束。
They concluded a treaty with Turkey.
他们同土耳其缔结了一项条约。
conclusion
归纳总结
conclude vi. & vt.，意为：
。
conclude sth.with sb.就某事与某人达成协议
to conclude最后
(2)conclusion n.结束；结论
in conclusion最后；总之
arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion
得出结论
come to a conclusion that...所得结论是……
推断，断定；结束；造
成；缔结
(1)conclude
sth.(from sth.)
(from sth.) that...
推断出，断定
conclude sth.
with sth.
by doing sth.
以……结束
即学即用
(1)会议于十点钟结束。
The meeting .
(2)从证据看，我敢断定你错了。
From the evidence I must
you are wrong.
(3)最后，祝大家取得圆满成功！
,I wish everyone a complete
success!
(4)我看他是在说谎。
I that he was
lying.
concluded at ten o’clock
conclude that
To conclude
came to the conclusion
2.defeat
John Snow “King Cholera”.
(回归课本P2)
观察思考
He defeated the champion in three sets.
他三盘击败了冠军。
The instruction manual completely defeated me.
这操作指南把我完全弄糊涂了。
Staying late at the office to discuss
shorter working hours rather defeats the
object of the exercise!
迟迟待在办公室讨论缩短工作时间恰恰是在阻挠
这一目标的实现！
They finally had to admit defeat.
他们最后只得认输。
defeats
归纳总结
defeat 。
易混辨异
defeat,beat,win
这三个词都有“赢”的意思，但用法不尽相同。
(1)defeat和beat都可接sb.作宾语，一般可以互
换，其宾语通常是“人”或“一个团体”，如a
team,a class,a school,an army等。另外,defeat
还可用于指在战争中“击败”敌军或入侵者。
(2)win后接sth.,如game,war,prize,love,respect
等；后接sb.时表示“争取某人”。
vt.打败；难住；阻挠；n.失败
即学即用
(1)张怡宁在第29届奥运会上艰难地战胜了李佳薇。
Zhang Yining Li Jiawei
in the 29th Olympics.
(2)这个问题把我难住了，我无法解决它。
The problem has and I can’t
solve it.
(3)这个政党面临选举失败。
The party in the election.
defeated
with
difficulty
defeated me
faces defeat
3.expose
But he became inspired when he thought
about helping ordinary people to
cholera. (回归课本P2)
观察思考
When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect
white teeth.
他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙。
He exposed the plan to the newspapers.
他向几家报纸透露了这个计划。
The film has been exposed.
这胶卷已经曝光了。
Do not expose babies to strong sunlight.
不要让婴儿受到强烈的日光照射。
exposed
归纳总结
expose 。
expose sth.显露或露出某事物
expose sth./sb./oneself (to sth.)显露或暴露某
人/某事物/自己
exposed adj.（指地方）无遮蔽的；不遮挡风雨的
be exposed to暴露于……
exposure n.显露，暴露；揭露，揭发
vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使遭受
即学即用
(1)婴儿被遗弃于风雨之中。
The baby was left
.
(2)他说了那句不妥的话，暴露了自己对此事的无知。
That unfortunate remark
of the subject.
(3)那小屋位于山顶毫无遮蔽之处。
The cottage is
at the top of the hill.
exposed to the wind and
rain
exposed his
ignorance
in a very exposed position
4.cure
Neither its cause nor its was
understood. (回归课本P2)
观察思考
There is no cure for the common cold at
present.
目前仍没有治愈感冒的良药。
Can you cure me of my cold?
你能治好我的感冒吗？
cure
归纳总结
cure 治愈，治疗。
(1)a cure for sth.治疗……的方法
(2)cure sb.of+疾病名称 治愈某人的疾病
cure sb.of+不良行为 矫正某人的不良行为
(3)与cure sb.of sth.结构类似的短语还有：
remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事
suspect sb.of sth.怀疑某人（做）某事
rob sb.of sth.抢了某人某物
inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事
warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事
accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事
n. & vt.
注意 treat和cure都表示“治疗”的意思。但
treat表示治疗过程，不表示结果，而cure强调结
果，意为“治疗，治愈”，常与of连用。
即学即用——用适当的of短语填空
(1)She him stealing.
(2)Please us any changes of
address.
(3)You me your father when you
say that.
(4)He resigned after he was
theft.
accused
of
inform
of
reminded
of
suspected of
5.blame
It seemed that the water was to .
(回归课本P2)
观察思考
He blamed you for the neglect of duty.
他责备你玩忽职守。
The police blamed the traffic accident on
Jack’s careless driving.
警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。
The government will have to take the blame
for the riots.
政府将不得不对骚乱承担责任。
blame
归纳总结
blame ；n.过失；责备。
blame sb.for sth./doing sth.因为某事责备某人/
责备某人做了某事
blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for) 应（为……）承担责任；该
（为……）受责备（此处不能用被动语态）
accept/bear/take the blame for sth.
对某事负责任
put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.
将某事归咎于某人
vt.责备；把……归咎于
即学即用
(1)如果不怪你，该怪谁呢？

(2)我们愿对所发生的事负责。
(3)如果结果糟糕，她将会怪罪于我们。
If you are not to blame,then who is?
We were ready to take the blame for what
had happened.
She’ll put the blame on us if it turns
out badly.
6.contribute to (回归课本P4)
观察思考
This new discovery will contribute to all
humanity.
这个新发现将对全人类作出贡献。
Most people contributed something
towards/to the new church buildings.
大部分人都为教堂的新建筑捐献了一些东西。
A little exercise will contribute a lot to
your health.
少量的运动对你的健康大有帮助。
She contributes regularly to a physics
journal.
她经常向一家物理杂志社投稿。
contribute
归纳总结
contribute
。
(1)contribute...to...把……贡献给……
contribute to为……作出贡献；把时间投入……；
有助于；导致
(2)contribution n.捐献物；贡献；捐款；稿件
make a contribution to对……作出贡献
contribution to对……的贡献
(3)contributor n.撰稿人；捐助人；促成物
vt. & vi.贡献；捐助；增加，添进；
投稿
即学即用
（1）他主动向红十字会捐款。
He offered to the Red
Cross.
（2）各种因素导致了他的倒台。
Various factors his
downfall.
（3）我已经给《北京晚报》投了好几篇文章，可一
篇也没发表过。
I
Beijing Evening News,but none of them
have been published.
（4）他对项目的全面成功做出了非常积极的贡献。
He
the overall success of the project.
contribute to
contributed to
have contributed several articles to
made a very positive contribution to
重点短语与句型
7.put forward
Who a theory about black holes?
(回归课本P1)
观察思考
A better plan was put forward by the
headmaster.
校长提出了一项更好的计划。
Her name was put forward as the best for
the job.
她被推荐为这项工作的最佳人选。
Put the clock forward by 5 minutes.
把表拨快5分钟。
put forward
归纳总结
put forward意为： 。
put aside节省；储蓄，储存
put away放好；积蓄
put back放回；拨回
put down记下；镇压
put in放入；加进
put off延期，推迟
put on穿上；演出
put out熄灭，扑灭
put through接通电话
put up举起；张贴；公布；挂起；建造
提出；推荐；建议；将……提前
即学即用——用put的相关短语填空
(1)Tom the lamp and went out.
(2)Never till tomorrow what you can
do today.
(3)She some good proposals for
educational reform.
(4)We some money every month for
our retirement.
(5)They are going to a memorial in
memory of people who died in the
earthquake.
put out
put off
put forward
put
aside
put up
8.apart from
the construction mentioned
above,you have also learned the following
phrases. (回归课本P4)
观察思考
Apart from their house in London,they also
have a villa in Spain.
他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座
别墅。
It was a difficult time.Apart from
everything else,we had financial problems.
当时是困难时期。别的一切都不说，我们财政上
也有问题。
Apart from
归纳总结
apart from意为： 。
(1)in addition to除……之外（还有，包括除去内
容在内）
besides除……之外（还有，包括除去内容在内）
except除……之外（不包括除去内容在内）
except for除了……之外；只是
except that (what/when/where...)除了……
(2)take...apart将……拆开
tell A and B apart分辨出A与B
除……之外；此外
即学即用
(1)姑且不论价格，这件衣服也不适合我穿。
,the dress doesn’t
suit me.
(2)除了几个缺点外，他是个很好的老师。
He is a good teacher some
shortcomings.
(3)他除了是位学者，还是位有名的作家。
,he was a famous
writer.
(4)很小的时候，我常拆卸旧玩具车。
I often some old toy cars
when I was a child.
Apart from the cost
except for
Besides being a scholar
took
apart
9.make sense
Only if you put the sun there did the
movements of the other planets in the sky
. (回归课本P7)
观察思考
What you say does not make sense to me.
你说的话我弄不明白。
No matter how you read it,this sentence
doesn’t make sense.
不论你怎么读，这个句子都讲不通。
make sense
归纳总结