时态复习
中考英语总复习
定义：在英语中，不同时间发生的动作要用不同的动词形式来表示，每一种不同的形式叫做时态。
时态
一般现在时 the simple present tense
一般过去时 the simple past tense
现在进行时 the present continuous tense
过去进行时 the past continuous tense
现在完成时 the present perfect tense
过去完成时 the past perfect tense
一般将来时 the simple future tense
过去将来时 the past future tense
英语八大时态
Grammar
一般现在时: Simple Present
概念: 表示习惯、经常性的动作;表示客观真理或事实
Light travels faster than sound.
结构:
1.am\is\are+表语 She is a beautiful girl.
2.There is\are There is a book on the desk.
3.实义动词作谓语 He usually gets up at eight o’clock.
标志语：usually、often、
sometimes、once a week、
twice a month、every year
一般现在时的常见考点：
主语是单数时：
1.一般情况下是在动词后面加s
2.以s, x, sh, ch 结尾的单词后面加es
3. 以辅音加y结尾的单词，把y变为i加es.
4. 不规则变化：have-has be-is go- goes do-does
Exercise
The twins ___________(wash) the clothes every day.
Sometimes he ________ (play) basketball over there.
How often ____ Sally ______(sing)?
wash
plays
Report
I have a friend. His / Her name is….
He / She plays….
Grammar
一般过去时: Past Simple
概念: 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作
结构: did, was/were(过去时）
例句：I went to the park yesterday.
I was happy yesterday.
标志语：yesterday、... ago、just now
in 1992、 last week/month…
动词-ed形式的构成：(规则变化）
moved
died
carried
cried
stopped
planned
answered
got
drank
took
went
swam
ate
cut
were
had
did
came
said
saw
put
不规则过去式
Notice:
表示过去经常反复发生的动作，我们也经常与always, usually, often, sometimes等连用
He often played football with his classmates after class when he was a child.
2. Since从句常用一般过去时
It is ten years since I came here.
Exercise
The twins ___________(wash) the clothes yesterday.
The day before yesterday he ________ (play) basketball over there.
_____ Sally ______(sing) two hours ago?
washed
played
Survey
-- What did you do this Saturday morning?
-- I went to….
Report
This Saturday morning, Miss\ Mr.….
In the afternoon, he/she….
And at night, he/she…
Grammar
现在进行时: Present Progressive
概念: 表示现在正在发生的动作
结构: be (is, am, are) + doing
标志语： Look! Listen! now 、at the moment 、 right now 、 at present 、
动词-ing形式的构成：
writing
taking
getting
running
swimming
asking
Exercise
The twins ___________(wash) the clothes now.
Look! He ________ (play) basketball over there.
Listen! ______ Sally _______(sing)?
are washing
is playing
Look!
Describe
What a fine day today! Look....
Grammar
过去进行时: Past Progressive
概念: 表示过去某一时刻或某一个时间段内发生的动作
结构: be (was，were) + doing
标志语：at 8:00 yesterday 、
at that moment 、 when 、 while、…
动词-ing形式的构成：
writing
taking
getting
running
swimming
asking
最常用于以when, while及as引导的时间状语从句
延续性动词：指动词可以延续一段时间而不是瞬间结束。 如：work study drink eat
非延续性动词：指动作极为短暂，瞬间结束。 如：start begin jump knock
1.当从句的谓语动词是持续性动词时，用when, while或as引导
I was drawing the picture when my friend came.
Jone was talking with his classmates when teacher called him.
如果表示两个短动作或事件同时发生，常用as，when
As he caught the ball, there was a tearing sound.
当从句的谓语动词表示瞬间动作时，不可用while引导。
He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door.

如果讨论两个长动作，最常用while.
While John was sitting biting his nails, I was working out a plan to get us home.
Exercise
1.He ______(work) at that time.
2.When the teacher____ (come), they_____ (talk) loudly.
3. She ____(do) her homework this time yesterday.
Grammar
现在完成时: Present Perfect
概念: 表示已经发生的动作(强调不久前发生 的动作对现在的影响）
结构: have done/ been/gone（过去分词）
规则性变化的动词的过去分词构成与动词的过去式构成规则相同。
标志语：肯定句：already、just 、 for 疑问或否定句：yet、ever、never

位置：yet 置于句末，already, never, ever, just置于助动词have\has 之后，实义动词之前。
①表示动作已经完成，并且已经结束
He has left.
I have already had a rest.
②表示动作虽然已经完成，但还要继续（在这个用法中，动词要用延续性动词，常与for引导的一段时间和since引导的短语连用）
He has been away for two days.
The bird has been dead for a month.
不规则过去分词
got gotten
went gone
ate eaten
cut cut
were been
did done
said said
不规则过去分词
took taken
swam swum
drank drunk
put put
had had
came come
saw seen
现在完成时常见考点：
1. Have been to “过去曾去过某地” 表示说话时已从该地回来或已从该地去了某地、总之现在不在该地。
I have been to Hang Zhou many times.
2. Have gone to”已经去了某地“ 表示说话时不在说话地点，在去某地途中或已到某地现在还未回来。
Where is Mr. Green?
He has gone to London.
Exercise
The twins ___________(wash) the clothes for an hour.
He ________ (play) basketball since three years ago.
How long _____ Sally ______(sing) yet?
have washed
has played
Grammar
过去完成时: Past Perfect
概念: 时间截止到过去某一时刻动作已经完 成（表示一个动作在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成）(坐标轴）

结构: had done（过去分词）
标志语：by the time, 或主句为
一般过去时的宾语从句中
宾语从句：I heard that they had passed the exam.
过去完成时与after, before, as soon as, till/until 等引导时间状语的从句连用，强调动词的时间先后。
例句：
在他们到达之前电影已经开始了。
Before they arrived here the film had started.
我完成作业了，就去睡觉了。
Last night, as soon as I had finished my work I went to sleep.
他作业做完后，就出去了。
After he had finished his work he went out.
1. We ______(learn) many new words by the end of last term.
2. He said he _____(be) to Hawaii twice.
3. He _____(go) to England before 2000
Exercise
Grammar
一般将来时: Simple Future
概念: 表示将要发生的动作, 计划或准备要做的事
结构: will do、 be (is、am、are) +going to do
标志语：tomorrow、in two months、
next month 、soon
Notice：Be going to 与 will 的区别
Be going to 表示近期计划或眼下要发生的事情；根据一些迹象明显要发生的情况
will 则表示时间上较远一些发生的事情,未经计划；
另外在礼貌询问时，我们也常常用will/shall 而不用于be going to.
Eg: Look at those big black clouds. It__ rain.
A must B will C would D is going to
It will be 和There will be 的区别
It will be+形容词
It will be rainy/cool/warm.

There will be+名词
There will be rain/ wind/snow.
Notice:
在有条件状语从句或时间状语从句的复合句中，从句用一般现在时，主句中只用will而不用 be going to.如：

Mum will go to Beijing if it does not rain tomorrow.
When you get home, you will find a new bike in your garden.
Grammar
过去将来时: Past Future
概念: 表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态
结构: would do
be (was、were) going to do
过去将来时的依据：要有表示过去的“动作”，而不是“时间”
标志语：常用于主句是一般过去
时的宾语从句中
宾语从句：I heard that they would help us.
----- What did he say yesterday?
----- He said that he ______ to the park the next day
A. goes B. will go C. would go D. are going
-----Did your son fail his English exam once again?
------Yes, but he said he _____hard next time.
A. studies B. is studying C. will study D. would study
特殊用法：
Come, go, leave, arrive, start 等可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。例如：

He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.
他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。
She told me that she was coming to see me.
她告诉我他要来看我。
1.Miss Zhang said she would visit (visit) the Great Wall next summer.
2. She told him that she would not stay here for long.
3.I was not sure whether Lucy would come (come) the next year.
Exercise
Thank you