Unit 2 The United Kingdom
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熟记单词
1. (vt.& vi.) 联合，团结
2. (n.) 便利，方便
3. (v.& n．) 争辩，争论
4. (vt.) 澄清，阐明
5. (v.& n．) 影响
6. (vt.) 安排，筹备，整理
7. (n.& vt.) 快乐，高兴，喜悦；使高兴，使欣赏
unite
convenience
debate
clarify
influence
arrange
delight
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8. (vt.) 使激动，使胆战心惊
9. (adj.) 聪明的，漂亮的
10. (n.) 时态
11. (adj.) 可利用的
12. (adj.) 一致的，相符的
13. (vt.) 吸引，引起注意
14. (n.) 错误，过失，谬误
thrill
smart
tense
available
consistent
attract
error
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翻译词组
1．由……组成
2．把……分成
3．挣脱(束缚)，脱离

4．省去，遗漏，不考虑
5．代替
consist of
divide...into...
break away (from)
leave out
take the place of
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6．(机器)损坏，破坏
7．为方便起见
8．为了纪念
9．以……而自豪
10．列出清单
break down
for convenience
in memory of
be proud of
make a list of
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背诵句型
1．To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas...
值得赞扬的是，这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作……
[例句仿写]　He did tell me that he had paid off all his debts.
他的确告诉我他已还完了所有的债务。
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2．It looked splendid when first built!
刚建成时，它(圣保罗大教堂)看起来金碧辉煌！
[例句仿写]　Water can be turned into vapour when heated.
加热后水会变成水蒸气。
巧学活用
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1. convenience n．　便利，方便；便利的事物；便利设施
(1)for convenience为了方便起见
at one’s convenience在……方便的时候
(2)convenient adj.方便的，便利的
be convenient for对……是方便的
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【注意】　(1)convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，要用事物作主语或用it来充当形式主语。
(2)convenient不和“of sb.＋不定式”连用，但可与“for sb.＋不定式”连用。
(3)作表语时后接不定式的主动形式。
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即境活用
1.完成句子
(1)I will come to pay a visit to you ____________________(如果你方便的话)this weekend.
(2)我们可以在你方便的时候进一步讨论此事。(汉译英)
__________________________________________________
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(3)你什么时候方便出发？(汉译英)
__________________________________________________
答案：(1)if it is convenient for you　(2)We can discuss this further at your convenience.(3)When would it be convenient for you to start?
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2.attract vt.　吸引；引起注意
(1)attract one’s attention吸引某人的注意
attract sb.to...把某人吸引到……
(2)attraction n.
have an/no/a little/much attraction for sb.
对某人具有/不具有/有一点/很有吸引力
(3)attractive adj.有吸引力的；引起注意的，引起兴趣的
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3. available adj.　可得到的，可利用的
(1)the available space 可用的空间
(make)．..available for sb.为某人提供可用的……
be available(for...)有空(做……)
(2)availability n．有用；利用
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4. influence vt.　影响；改变
n．　影响；势力；有影响的人(事)
(1)have influence on sb./sth.对某人/物有影响
(2)influential adj.有影响的，有说服力的
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5. delight vt.& vi.　(使)高兴，(使)欣喜快乐
n．　高兴，喜悦
(1)delight in (doing)sth.以某事为乐(尤指不该做的事)
(2)to one’s delight令某人高兴的是
take/find/have delight in喜好；以……为乐
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with/in delight高兴地
It’s a delight to do sth.做某事是令人愉快的
(3)delighted adj.高兴的，快乐的
be delighted at为……而高兴
be delighted to do sth./that为……而高兴
delightful adj.令人快乐的
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即境活用
5．完成句子
(1)Chris ________________________(喜欢戏弄他妹妹)．
(2)__________________，everything goes well(令我们非常高兴的是)．
(3)Thanks for the invitation.________________________(我很乐意前来)．
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(4)____________________(多么快乐的景象)！Everybody was singing，dancing or smiling!
答案：(1)delights in teasing his sister　(2)Much to our delight　(3)I’d be delighted to come　(4)What a delightful scene
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6. thrill vt.　使激动；使胆战心惊　 n．　兴奋；紧张
(1)give sb.a thrill to do sth./of doing sth.
做某事让某人感到激动
(2)thrilled adj.兴奋的，激动的
be thrilled at/about/with sth.对……感到兴奋
(3)thrilling adj.令人感到兴奋的
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即境活用
6.完成句子
(1)The film __________________(对观众很有刺激性)．
(2)It was ________________ (确是令人兴奋的事)meet Yao Ming.
(3)He ________________ (很兴奋)the sight of her.
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(4)I had __________________ (一次激动人心的经历)on the lake last Sunday.
(5)______________________ (我们兴奋地听到)the news that you were admitted to Beijing University.
答案：(1)thrilled the audience　(2)a real thrill to　(3)was thrilled at　(4)a thrilling experience　(5)We were thrilled to hear
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7. consist of　由……组成
(1)consist of一般不用于进行时和被动语态
consist in(＝lie in)在于，存在于
(2)consistent adj.相容的，一致的
be consistent with...和……一致；相符
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即境活用
7．完成句子
(1)The world ________________________(由七大洲组成)．
(2)The beauty of the plan ______________________(在于简明扼要)．
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(3)We should do this：______________________________________(言行一致)．
(4)This is a mixture ________________________(由面粉和水组成的)．
答案：(1)consists of seven continents　(2)consists in its simplicity　(3)what we say is consistent with what we do(4)consisting of flour and water
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8. leave out　省去；遗漏；不考虑
leave alone不管，别惹，让……独自呆着；不打扰
leave aside搁置
leave behind忘带，留下
leave for动身到(某处)
leave off停止，中断
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即境活用
8．完成句子
(1)You can ____________________(省去细节)，just give us the main facts.
(2)I’ve told you before—____________________(别碰我的东西)!
(3)The lights of the city were soon __________(远远抛在后面)．
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(4)He ____________________ (停止弹钢琴)to answer the telephone.
答案：(1)leave out the details　(2)leave my things alone　(3)left behind　(4)left off playing the piano
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9．用alone/out/off填空
(1)I will thank you if you leave me ________.
(2)Take care not to leave anything useful ________.
(3)Let’s leave ________ here for lunch.
答案：(1)alone　(2)out　(3)off
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on credit赊购
credit limit信用额度
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即境活用
10．选用上述词语填空
(1)Your ________________ is 1,000 yuan.
(2)We bought the dishwasher ________________.
(3)________________，Jack never told anyone what had happened.
答案：(1)credit limit　(2)on credit　(3)To his credit
专题突破锦囊
文章主旨(2)从段首第二句确定文章主旨
有时，文章的段首句为过渡句，主题句往往处于过渡句之后。
突破语法填空
专题突破锦囊
When someone has deeply hurt you，it can be extremely difficult to let go of your anger.But forgiveness is possible—and it can be surprisingly helpful to your physical and mental health.Indeed，research has shown that people who forgive report more energy，better appetite (胃口)and better sleep patterns.“People who forgive show less
专题突破锦囊
anger and more hopefulness，”says Dr.FredericLuskin，who wrote the book Forgive for Good.“So it can help save on the wear and tear on our system and allow people to feel more energetic.”
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The text is mainly written to explain________.
A．how to keep yourself from being hurt
B．how to stay mentally healthy
C．how and when to remain calm
D．why and how to pardon others
专题突破锦囊
【解析】　由此段第二句可知，本段主要是讲“why”的，文章接下来是讲“how”的，forgiveness即是pardon。
【答案】　D
专题突破锦囊
完成下列阅读理解。
(2009年高考浙江卷)Four people in England，back in 1953，stared at Photo 51.It wasn’t much—a picture showing a black X．But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed—the shape of DNA.The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson，Francis Crick，and Maurice Wilkins.The fourth，the one who actually made the picture，was left out.
技巧演练
专题突破锦囊
Her name was Rosalind Franklin.“She should have been up there，” says historian Mary Bowden.“If her photos hadn’t been there，the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision.But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors.
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At Cambridge University in the 1950s，Watson and Crick tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together.In the meantime，at King’s College in London，Franklin and Wilkins shone Xrays at the molecule(分子)．The rays produced patterns reflecting the shape.
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But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick.Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant.But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.
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What she did was produce Xray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out.And she was not shy about saying so.That angered Watson，who attacked her in return，“Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend.Clearly she had to go or be put in her place.”
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As Franklin’s competitors，Wilkins，Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers，says historian Pnina AbirAm.In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony，Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin.Watson wrote his book laughing at her.Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.”
专题突破锦囊
No，Franklin was the solution.“She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA.She must be considered a codiscoverer，”AbirAm says.This was backed up by Aaron Klug，who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself.Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”，Franklin is finally coming into the light.
专题突破锦囊
【文章大意】　谁发现了DNA，仅仅只有James Watson，Francis Crick和Maurice Wilkins吗？本文作者告诉我们，功劳也有Rosalind Franklin的一份。
1．What is the text mainly about?
A．The disagreements among DNA researchers.
B．The unfair treatment of Franklin.
C．The process of discovering DNA.
D．The race between two teams of scientists.
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解析：选B。主旨大意题。通读全文，可知Franklin在DNA的发现中也做出了重要贡献，但却由于某些原因而不为人知。由此答案选B项：她受到了不公正的待遇。
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2．Watson was angry with Franklin because she________.
A．took the lead in the competition
B．kept her results from him
C．proved some of his findings wrong
D．shared her data with other scientists
解析：选C。逻辑推理题。从第五段前两句可知，Franklin直言不讳地指出他们犯的错误，这引起了Watson的不满。答案选C。
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3．Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA”？
A．She developed pictures in dark labs.
B．She discovered the black X—the shape of DNA.
C．Her name was forgotten after her death.
D．Her contribution was unknown to the public.
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解析：选D。逻辑推理题。从全文可知，作者认为Franklin的贡献被忽略掉了，她的贡献理应得到人们的承认。所以答案选D。
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4．What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins，Watson and Crick?
A．Disapproving.　　　　　　　
B．Respectful.
C．Admiring.
D．Doubtful.
解析：选A。态度推测题。从全文知，作者肯定了Franklin的贡献，对另外三个科学家的行为表示“不满、不赞成”，所以答案选A。
专题突破锦囊
写作导与练
根据上单元所学写作方法，完成下列基础写作题。
专题突破锦囊
【写作内容】
假设你是李华，正在美国参加学习，课堂上老师要求你简要介绍我国的名人，你选择了姚明和刘翔两位体育明星，他们的基本情况如下：
即时训练
专题突破锦囊
专题突破锦囊
【写作要求】
只能使用五个句子表达全部内容(开头已经为你写好)。
参考词汇：火箭队Rocket
110米栏110metre hurdles
雅典奥运会the Athens Olympic Games
专题突破锦囊
【评分标准】
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
Hi，everyone.I would like to introduce two famous sports stars，Yao Ming and Li