Unit 5 First aid
基础知识自测
一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。
1. _____________[eid] vt.n. 帮助,救助,支援
2. _____________[5indVEri] n.伤害;损害
3. _____________[bli:d] vi.出血,流血
4. _____________[tFEuk] vt. 使窒息;哽住
5. _____________[5blQdi] a. 血污的;流血的
6. _____________[bE:n] vi. vt.n.发热, 燃烧; 烫伤
7. _____________[5pCizn] n. vt.毒药;毒物;使中毒
8. _____________[5tri:tmEnt] n. 对待;待遇,论述
9. _____________[7reidi5eiFEn] n.发热;辐射,放射物
10. ____________ [maild] a. 温和的,温柔的
aid
injury
bleed
choke
bloody
burn
poison
treatment
radiation
mild
11. _____________ [5aiEn] n. vt铁, 熨斗,烫平
12. _____________[I5lektrIk] a. 电的;发电的
13. _____________[swel] vi. vt肿起,使增长
14. _____________[5dAmidV] n. vt.损害;损失,毁坏
15. _____________[`dVU:ElrI] n. 珠宝;首饰
16. _____________[skwi:z] vt. vi榨,压,榨出,挤出
17. _____________[5simptEm] n.症状,征候,征兆
18. _____________[5serimEni] n.仪式,典礼,礼仪
19. _____________ [5breivEri] n. 勇敢,勇气,壮观
20. _____________[`preFE(r)] n. 压;按;榨, 压迫
pressure
iron
electric
swell
damage
jewellery
squeeze
symptom
ceremony
bravery
二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The villagers are busy repairing the houses d_____________ by the storm.
2. There was an accident on the road last night but there was no___________ （受伤）reported according to the latest news.
3. First aid can be the first step in the _____________ （treat）of burns.
4. The injured person lay on the ground, b _____________ heavily.
5. The p_____________ of the city life forced him to move to the country..
pressure
damaged
injury
treatment
bleeding
6. Did you attend your sister’s wedding c ___________
when she got married?
7. There are several _____________（救护车） waiting for the injured in the fire.
8. She got badly _____________（injury） in the accident and was sent to hospital quickly.
9. They p _____________a sum of money to the college in memory of their son.
10. The committee is p _____________its report next week.
presenting
ceremony
ambulances
injured
presented
三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. During his (ill), John stayed indoors.
2.Most people protect themselves from ____________
(injure) to their self-esteem..
3. Jack came home with a (blood) nose.
4.The heart is one of the body's vital ______________
(organic).
5. This medicine is (poison) if taken in large quantities.
illness
injury
bloody
organs
poisonous
6. I got an _______（electricity）shock from the wire.
7. They ________ （presentation）him with a bunch of flowers.
8. The policeman showed great _______________ （ brave） in the face of danger.
9. He works well under _______ （press）.
10．I think he is the ______ (mildly) man alive in the world.
electric
presented
bravery
pressure
mildest
四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。
1. _______________生病
2. _______________榨出，挤出
3. _____________ 在适当的位置，在通常的位置
4. ______________________ 找到，得到
5. _____________ 许多，大量（只修饰可数名词）
6. ______________ 受伤
7. ______________ 被烧伤
8. __________________ 保护……免于
9. _________________ 触电
10. _________________ 轻微的红肿
mildly swollen
first aid
squeeze out
in place
put one’s hand on
a number of
get injured
be burned
protect… from
electric shock
11. be proud of
12. carry out
13. close to
14. depend on
15. first aid
16. hang up
17. in honour of
18. in hospital
19. in place
20. make a difference
起做用
为……自豪
实施, 执行
靠近
依靠
急救
挂断电话
向……表示敬意
住院
在原位
五、词组运用
词组填空 根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的短语并用其适用的形式填空。
1. We should __________ our face ______the sunshine in summer.
2. There are __________________students in the classroom.
3. All the tables and chairs are ___________________.
4. The thief can’t _______________________ anything valuable.
put his hand on
protect from
a number of
in place
翻译填空 根据汉语意思，完成英文句子。
5. 他对那个女孩施以急救。
He gave the to that girl.
6. 你可以信赖他。

7. 他生病的父亲正在住院治疗。

8. 她不等我说完便挂了电话。
She on me.
9. 他把水挤出来

10. 她最终实现了戒烟的诺言。
She had finally her promise to quit
smoking.
carried out
first aid
You can depend on him.
His sick father is in hospital.
hung up
He squeezed the water out.
Language Data Bank
Language Points
(about Reading I)
1.…it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents
your body from losing too much water; it
is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it
gives you your sense of touch……皮肤能
保暖或御寒，保持体内水分不过多流
失，正是皮肤让你感到冷热和疼痛，皮
肤还使你有触觉。
Important sentences:
sense of touch触觉
其他表示各种感觉的词还有:
sense of sight视觉；sense of hearing听觉；
sense of taste味觉 sense of smell嗅觉；
sense of humor 幽默感
sense of direction 方向感
sense of urgency紧迫感
2. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious.
该句是一个主从复合句，主句为：So if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious；从句为：as you can imagine.
as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容，有“正如……”或“就象……”的意思；它所引导的从句位置较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。
另外，该句的主句中还含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。请看类似的句子：
As you can see, if they are not properly protected, the farmlands will become desserts sooner or later.
正如你所看到的，这些农田如果保护不当迟早会变成沙漠。
3. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment.
(一度烫伤或烧伤的）例子包括轻微的晒伤，以及碰到热锅、炉子或烙铁而导致的烫（烧）伤。
mild在这个句子中的意思是“轻微的、不严重的”。
如：Edward suffered a mild heart attack.爱德华犯了轻微的心脏病。
mild还可以表示“温和的、暖和的；味淡的”
如：She’s the mildest person I have ever met in my life.
她是我平生见到过的最温柔的人了。
4. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
a mild climate 温暖的天气
mild cheese 淡味奶酪
unless除非……；如果不……。如：
Don’t make it public unless I agree.
除非我同意，否则不能公布于众。
Unless the destruction of the ozone layer is stopped, the polar ice caps will melt with terrible consequences.
如果不停止对臭氧层的破坏的话，南北两极的冰冠就可能融化并造成可怕的后果。
问题：
你还能再列举几个这样的单词吗？
5. Cool burns immediately with cool but
not icy water.
立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水。
-y是个形容词后缀。如：
windy有风 hilly多小山的
sleepy困倦的 greeny略呈绿色的
spicy辛辣的 woody树木茂密的
6. Hold the bandage in place with tape.
用胶布把绷带固定。
in place在适当的地方。如：
The librarian put the returned books in place. 图书馆员把还回的图书放到原处。
You’d better put things back in place.
Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things.
你最好把你的东西放回原位, 不然很难找。
in place 还有“准备就绪”的意思。如：
The arrangements for the concert next Saturday are all in place.
周六的音乐会已经准备就绪。
7. If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.
如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，要尽可能反手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。
上下肢被烧伤后，应将患肢抬高于心脏，这是为了促进血液回流，防止烧伤处出现水肿。
Important words about Reading 1:
1. aid
作动词 帮助; 援助
He aided me in business.
I aided her to continue her study.
At Christmas, many organizations aid the poor.
作名词 帮助; 援助 (不可数)
Teachers give their lessons with the aid of computers.
He raised money in aid of the sick.
2. temporary 暂时的，临时的
temporary relief from pain
短暂的解痛
temporary work/ solution
临时工作/解决办法
3. fall ill 生病
fall + adj.
睡着了 ____________
清醒了 _____________
安静下来 _____________
His son suddenly ____ ___ last week.
他儿子突然生病了。
fall asleep
fall awake
fall silent
fell ill
4. injure v.
______ n. ______ adj.
injury to sth. …（部位）的伤
他干活时腿受了重伤。(injury)
He got ________________ at work.
他在意外事故中受了伤。(injure)
He __________ in the accident.
injuries to the legs
got injured
injury
injured
hurt/wound/injure区别：
You'll hurt her feelings if you forget
her birthday.
The soldier was wounded in the arm.
He was badly injured in the accident.
Last night a terrible storm hit the area
and many people were injured.
My stomach hurts because I have eaten
too many apples.
5. bleed 流血
bleed—bled—bled
　My heart bleeds for those poor
children.
His nose is bleeding. /He is bleeding at
the nose.
　bloody a.
7. get+过去分词 表被动或状态
The computer got damaged when we
were moving.
My bike is getting repaired now.
My glasses got broken while I was
playing basketball.
Peter and Mary got married last
year.
9. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.
stick
stick sth. to sth. 粘住
Stick the glue to my fingers.
10. jewellery/jewel
jewellery n. 珠宝的总称 (不可数)
jewel n. 珠宝，首饰 (可数)
The jewels were kept in the safe.
She appeared at the reception wearing
her finest jewels.
She locked her ______in the ________box.
jewels
jewellery
11. squeeze 挤；压；塞
The car was full, but I managed to
squeeze in.
He squeeze everything into a suitcase.
squeeze from
squeeze out
squeeze through
从身上榨取
挤出
挤着通过
12. in place /out of place
　放在应放的位置／地方放的不对; 不合适
I like to have everything in place.
Her dress was out of place at the
ceremony.
I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. There are over 115 different kinds of ________ (poison) snakes in Australia.
2. Doctors in that hospital are developing a new _________ (treat) for cancer.
3. He is a ____ (mildly) person who never shouts.
4. This machine has an ________ (electric) fault.（与电有关的）
poisonous
treatment
mild
electrical
Practice
5. His face was ______ (swell) up with toothache.
6. If he _____ (blood) too much, his life will be in danger.
7. His foot was burned by hot water and there were several ______ (water) blisters on it.
swollen
bleeds
watery
II. 根据句意, 选择适当的单词或短语
并用其适当形式填空。
1. protect; defend
a. Taking an umbrella can _______ you from rain.
b. Schools should give children lessons on how to _____________ themselves.
protect
protect / defend
2. wound; injure; hurt
a. She was badly ____________ when she fell off her